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"Martial Arts for the Health of the People" - Bijie City Wushu [Public Health Welfare] Event Successfully Concluded! (22.3.2025)

3/22/2025

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Bijie City Guizhou Province - PRC
(Translated By Adrian Chan-Wyles PhD)
Translator’s Note: Bijie is a prefecture-level city situated in northwestern Guizhou Province, (located in South-West) China - bordering Sichuan to the North and Yunnan to the West. External Wu Shu (gongfu) is mentioned – as is the two (internal) Styles of “Taijiquan” (太极拳) – “Grand Ridge-Pole Fist” – and “Baduanjin” (八段锦) – “Eight Part Brocade”. There is also the “Ling Kong Shou” (凌空手) – “Directed Boundaried Open-Hand” – and “Ling Kong Zhang” (凌空掌) – “Directed Boundaried Palm”. This is also referred to as the “Ling Kong Neng Liang Shou” (凌空能量手) – “Directed Boundaried Energy Capacity Open-Palm”. In my personal training, I have encountered this technique as the “Ling Kong Jin” (凌空勁) – “Directed Boundaried Force (as in “Strength”). This is misconstrued in the West as “Empty Force” by fraudsters and con-artists hell-bent on extracting money from the vulnerable and the desparate. By generating “qi” (气) – “heat” throughout the body – such energy manifests in the palms. This heat can be healing when held near others – or when touching others. This is all I can say here. ACW (22.3.2025)
​Xinzhou.com - 2025-03-13 08:32 - Shanxi
​On February 10th, 2025, the "Martial Arts for the Health of the People" Bijie City Wushu [Public Health Welfare] Event successfully concluded. The event was jointly sponsored by the Bijie Sports Bureau, the Bijie Health Commission and the Bijie Wushu Association. It aimed to promote a healthy lifestyle and improve the physical fitness and health awareness of citizens through martial arts – which are considered a traditional cultural treasure.
​The grand event was held in the impressive Bijie Sports Hall, attracting hundreds of martial arts enthusiasts, health seekers and citizens from all over the city to actively participate. The atmosphere was warm, with not only wonderful martial arts performances, but also professional health lectures and interactive experience sessions, allowing participants to fully experience the unique charm of combining martial arts practice and health.
​The event kicked off with a magnificent collective Taijiquan performance. The performers wore identical white uniforms, and exhibited smooth and co-ordinated movements, showing the beauty of Taijiquan’s interaction of hard and soft techniques. Afterwards, martial arts masters from the Bijie Wushu Association provided advanced (unarmed) martial arts and sword-fighting displays, demonstrating the profoundness of every martial arts movement – winning loud applause from the audience.
​In order to let citizens have a deeper understanding of health knowledge, the event specially invited health experts from Bijie Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital to give on-site lectures. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine and health preservation, combined with the principles of martial arts training, the experts explained in an easy-to-understand way how to achieve the purpose of health preservation through martial arts practice. The lecture was rich in content and practical, which benefited the participants to the highest degree.
​In the interactive experience session, under the guidance of experienced martial arts masters, the participants personally learned the basic movements of health-giving martial arts movements such as Taijiquan and Baduanjin. They also saw the effect of the ling kong palm, which is also known as the ling kong hand (or ling kong energy hand). It is an advanced palm method that uses a unique practice which draws upon the (hidden) combined energy that permeates the divine-sky and the broad earth. When perfected, an individual can use both palms to transfer preservation health and healing energy to other people. Everyone said that through personal experience, they not only felt the profound power of martial arts, but also gained important practical health skills. In addition, a health consultation desk was set up on site to provide free health checks and consultation services for citizens.
​The successful holding of the "Martial Arts for the Health of the People" - Bijie City Wushu [Public Health Welfare] Event not only enriched the cultural life of citizens, but also promoted the inheritance and development of martial arts and health culture. The organizers said that they would take this event as an opportunity to further strengthen the popularization of martial arts and health culture, promote the in-depth development of national fitness activities, and contribute to the construction of a healthy Bijie.
​With the successful conclusion of the “Martial Arts for the Health of the People" - Bijie City Wushu [Public Health Welfare] Event, Bijie City once again demonstrated its active efforts in promoting traditional culture and a healthy lifestyle. We look forward to holding similar events in the future, so that more people can enjoy the charm of martial arts while gaining health and happiness.
​Chinese Language Text:
https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1826436861333864813&wfr=spider&for=pc
“武动健康,养生惠民”——毕节市武术与养生公益主题活动圆满落幕
忻州网 2025-03-13 08:32 山西
2月10日,“武动健康,养生惠民”毕节市武术与养生公益主题活动圆满落幕。本次活动由毕节市体育局、毕节市卫生健康委员会及毕节市武术协会联合主办,旨在通过武术这一传统文化瑰宝,推广健康生活方式,提升市民的身体素质和养生意识。
活动在毕节市体育馆隆重举行,吸引了来自全市的数百名武术爱好者、养生追求者及市民朋友积极参与。现场气氛热烈,不仅有精彩的武术表演,还有专业的养生讲座和互动体验环节,让参与者充分感受到了武术与养生结合的独特魅力。
活动在一段气势恢宏的集体太极拳表演中拉开序幕。表演者们身着统一的白色练功服,动作流畅、整齐划一,展现了太极拳的刚柔并济之美。随后,来自毕节市武术协会的武术大师们带来了精彩的拳术、剑术表演,一招一式间尽显武术的博大精深,赢得了现场观众的阵阵掌声。
为了让市民朋友更深入地了解养生知识,活动特别邀请了毕节市中医医院的养生专家进行现场讲座。专家从中医养生的角度出发,结合武术锻炼的原理,深入浅出地讲解了如何通过武术练习达到养生的目的。讲座内容丰富、实用性强,让参与者受益匪浅。
在互动体验环节,参与者们在武术教练的指导下,亲身体验了太极拳、八段锦等养生武术的基本动作。还见识到了凌空掌的效果展示,凌空掌又名凌空手(或者凌空能量手),是一种运用独特的修炼方法,将天地之气练于双掌,用于养生强身和治病救人的掌法。大家纷纷表示,通过亲身体验,不仅感受到了武术的魅力,还学到了很多实用的养生技巧。此外,现场还设置了健康咨询台,为市民朋友提供免费的健康检查和咨询服务。
此次“武动健康,养生惠民”公益活动的成功举办,不仅丰富了市民的文化生活,还促进了武术与养生文化的传承与发展。主办方表示,将以此次活动为契机,进一步加强武术与养生文化的普及工作,推动全民健身运动的深入开展,为构建健康毕节贡献一份力量。
随着“武动健康,养生惠民”公益活动的圆满落幕,毕节市再次展现了其在推广传统文化和健康生活方式方面的积极努力。我们期待未来能有更多类似的活动举办,让更多的人在享受武术魅力的同时,收获健康和快乐。
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Email: More on "Snake Creeps-Down"! (24.12.2024)

12/24/2024

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Snake Creeps Down - Single-Whip Descends
Thank you, Tony!

I appreciate your continuous input. I was discussing this movement yesterday with a student. Snake Creeps Down (I wrote this sometime ago) is practiced (as you already known) within many Taijiquan Forms - performed at various heights (or "depths") - high, medium, or low. I remember a Wado Ryu Kata using this stance - but with the weight-bearing foot having the heal "lifted" during execution (see picture attached). I see similar stances (at various heights) in Shotokan. For me, Goju stances are similar to Shaolin - box-like, practical and strong (similar to Xingyiquan) - like our gongfu (Longfist) stances. As always, I am ready for correction - and thank you for it!

My teacher (Master Chan Tin Sang) taught Snake Creeps Down in three broad ways - "high", "medium", and "low". Low is always taught first - as it is the hardest to perform. It is also the most impractical to use in combat - so why do it? Well, the Heart Meridian as defined within Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) - is stimulated when the back of the leg is "elongated" and "stretched". This movement increases blood-flow to the tips of the toes from the inner organs, etc, creating a two-way exchange of "qi" (oxygen and bio-electrical) energy. Old qi is expelled - whilst new qi takes its place. I believe this concept has its origins in the "Neijing" [內經] "Internal Classic". 

For combat efficiency (and flow), however, a practitioner must adjust this movement. The stance has to be high or medium (a type of "back-stance") before the elaborate hand application(s) can be effectively deployed. The excellent video-clip you forwarded, for instance, appears to remove the drop-down leg-position completely - and replaces it with a "Horse-Stance" mediated by a number of connecting (natural) stances (varying in height or depth). In our family system a similar approach is applied. When emphasising combat - the drop-stances are performed at a higher-level - as this allows for a more efficient transition between connecting techniques.

Hakka styles tend to be clever but robust - deliberately clashing with strength - when strength is dominant and over-powering. Even placing the weight onto a bent reverse-leg is viewed as "giving ground" - which is okay providing such an action is required. Qinna (擒拿) - "trapping and re-directing" is the principle directing the hand and arm movements. This interpretation will vary from style to style - and even between teachers within the same style.

For every official definition - a student is encouraged to seek-out a hundred more! The lead arm is the leather whip (which "snaps" from the shoulder-joint - although in reality only in the internal sense) - whilst the reverse arm (with its chicken-head-type block) - is the reverse arm. Re-directing, locking enemy joints, and up-rooting the opponent's legs and feet is precisely the applied function of the "Snake Creeps Down" methodology! The medical application is the "internal" - whilst the combat application(s) - is the "external". As I am currently staying in Galmpton (South Devon) - I am exclusively practising my Forms (Katas) whilst on holiday for the Festive Season.

All Best Wishes


Adrian
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Email: HOJO UNDO - Deciphering the Chinese ideograms! (11.8.2023)

8/11/2023

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Grand Master Higaonna Morio - Hojo Undo is a Form of Traditional 'Weight-Training' Designed for Combat!
​These ideograms are written in Old Chinese Script - but pronounced using Japanese and Okinawan language.
[square] brackets = Chinese pronunciations
(round) brackets = Japanese-Okinawan pronunciations
​a) 補 (Ho) = [bu3] - increase, aid, repair, supplement, mend, compensate and nourish
​b) 助 (Jo) = [zhu4] - help, support, augment and assist
​c) 運 (Un) = [yun4] - transport, carry, utilise, revolve, buoyancy and fate
​d) 動 (Do) = [dong4] - move, act, alter, momentum and touch
​It seems that the four ideograms are deployed using two couplets:
​1) 補助 (Hojo) = supplement and auxiliary [Buzhu]
​2) 運動 (Undo) = sporting and competitive vigorous movement [Yundong]
​The following is a contemporary webpage from Taiwan (auto-translated into 'English' entitled '法規內容-教育部運動發展基金補助各級學校運動團隊作業要點') continuously uses the term '補助運動' (Hojo Undo - Buzhu Yundong) - which is used exclusively to refer to 'supplementary sporting exercises':
Regulations (Content) - Ministry of Education - Sports Development Fund - Subsidies for Main School Team Sports - At All Levels
​The inclusion of the terms 'buoyancy', 'touch', 'transport', 'momentum' and 'fate' - all suggest an 'internal' management of the 'external' (physical) body (through the attainment of an 'effortless momentum'). Therefore, although this term is common-place in China - the mastery it refers to is certainly not common-place. On the one-hand, a man or woman might train to win a Gold Medal or World Title - but these achievements (as important as they are for the 'Nation') only fall inside the 'external' component of this term. On the other-hand, Karate-Do Styles such as Goju Ryu exemplify the principle of the 'internal' superseding the 'external' - even though a lifetime must be spent subsumed in the 'external' whilst attempting to understand this relationship and transition into the infinitely powerful 'internal' position. Of course, ultimately, both the 'external' and the 'internal' integrate into a perfect, functioning 'whole' - as can be seen during a perfect execution of a Kata.  
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Grand Master Lu Zijian [吕紫剑] (1893-2012) - Aged 118-years-old

11/17/2022

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​Lu Zijian comes from a famous martial arts family situated in the Yichang area of Hubei province - a family which contains many long living members:
​Grandfather - Lu Zhengde [吕政德] (1840-1913) - 73-years-old
​Grandmother - Wu Meihua [吴梅花] (1842-1945) - 103-years-old
​Sister - Lu Zimei [吕紫梅] (1888-Still Alive) - currently 125-years-old!
Brother-in-Law - Li Fengfang [李丰方] (1878-2001) - 123-years-old
During his long life, Lu Zijian mastered all aspects of the 'Wudang' (武当) tradition (training for three generations - or sixty-years - under various Masters) - specialising in 'Longfist' (長拳 - Chang Quan) - and eventually inheriting the Wudang Bagua Zhang (八卦掌) lineage.
​In 1945, a US Military General took exception to Lu Zijian's good reputation (as he had killed both Japanese and Nationalist thugs over the years - many of the latter working for the US)! The General sent his personal Bodyguard - 'Tom Newham' - to teach Lu Zijian a lesson - but things did not go according to plan. The Americans had been making anti-Chinese statements and this fight took place in front of Chiang Kai-shek's mansion (situated at the foot of  Huangshan Mountain) on the South Bank of Chongqing. Lu Zijian beat Tom Newham to death with a single palm strike as taught in the Baguazhang System. 
​Chiang Kai-shek was furious about this (for political reasons) and announced that Lu Zijian was dismissed as his Bodyguard! Previously, Lu Zijian had been in trouble in 1929 when he openly opposed Chiang Kai-Shek's plan to 'ban' TCM and introduce a US-controlled medical insurance system in China! 

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Miyagi Takashi [宮城敬] (1919-2008) – Establishing a Foundation for ‘Scientific’ Goju Ryu Karate-Do! (18.10.2022)

10/18/2022

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Effectively Warming the Body is an Important Element of Goju Ryu Karate-Do Training!
The traditional purpose of Karate-Do is said to be the development of the ‘Single Punch Precise Kill’ (一拳必殺) technique! This is because the historical origins of Karate-Do developed out of battlefield martial arts - specifically designed to kill and wound an opponent without mercy! The question for modern practitioners is whether this objective is suitable as a contemporary teaching device – and how should the technical inadequacies of the old ways be improved upon? It may well be the case that the potentially lethal elements of Karate-Do are retained (because they are inherent in the ancient martial techniques) - but that the ‘killing’ aspect should not be made the key point when teaching the public – and should be replaced by encouraging young students to develop their own minds and bodies whilst perfecting a virtuous character! Therefore, saving lives and helping others signifies a necessary shift in traditional attitudes when teaching Karate-Do to modern students.  
In fact, this is not a ‘new’’ attitude that I invented – but an idea taught to me by my father Miyagi Chojun. In-turn, this was an attitude inherited from Higaonna Kanryo (and his Chinese teachers). Although exactly the same ‘killing’ techniques are retained (and certainly not ‘removed’ from the art) - what is emphasised is character development so that clever ways of resolving conflict in the environment is utilised as a type of ethereal Karate-Do – that precedes any need to deploy potentially devastating physical techniques! The lethal reality of Karate-Do techniques, therefore, is ‘hidden’ within a deep and stratified approach to Goju Ryu Karate-Do, which is now embedded in the grading system involving coloured belts. If the practitioner does not suitably develop their mind (psychology) and body (physicality) - then they do not gain access to the ‘lethal’ nature of the genuine Goju Ryu Karate-Do techniques! Each practitioner must develop ‘trustworthiness’ before they are permitted to gain access to the deepest aspects of this ancient martial art! 
My father – Miyagi Chojun – maintained the emphasis of the ‘Hard’ (Go) aspect of Goju Ryu through the ‘Sanchin’ Kata which had been passed on to him by Higaonna Kanryo – but he felt the opposite element of ‘giving way’ was missing in the Style, or at least not very well represented. To remedy this, Miyagi Chojun developed the ‘Tensho’ Kata from a set of movements he had been taught in China from a White Crane Fist teacher in Fuzhou related in lineage to the Chinese teacher of Higaonna Kanryo. Bear in mind that ‘Tensho’ is NOT exactly the same as the Form (六機手 - Ro Ku ki Te) he learned in China and that Miyagi Chojun chose to modify its structure to assist the ‘balance’ of Goju Ryu Karate-Do methodology. This is where Miyagi Chojun developed the ‘Soft’ element of Goju Ryu which saw the Tensho Kata counter-balance the Sanchin Kata. When practiced together – the Yin (Soft) and Yang (Hard) energy within the mind and body is perfectly ‘balanced’! ‘Weaving Hand’ (機手 - Ki Te) is a principle found within the ‘Southern Fist’ martial system of China, and which relates to all the upper body movement of the extremities and the combat techniques which are expressed therein. Within the book entitled ‘Bubishi’ (武備志) (transmitted China to Okinawa) - there is an explanation of where the vital pressure points (経穴 - Kei Ketsu) are on the opponent’s body – and how the hand – used in the ‘open palm’ (開掌 - Hiraki Tenohira) position – can be used to ‘pierce’ these points and cause catastrophic damage to the opponent’s health! Higaonna Kanryo taught Miyagi Chojun how to ‘stand’ and ‘move’ through the ‘Sanchin’ Kata – and then Miyagi Chojun then developed ‘Tensho’ Kata to emphasis ‘Softness’ - but a ‘Softness’ with a lethal ‘hidden’ central element (involving pressure-point hitting)! 
The ‘Sanchin’ and ‘Tensho’ Katas are unique to Goju Ryu Karate-Do and are not found within ‘Shuri-Te’ (首里手) derived-traditions! These are foundational Katas that are taught to express the beginning and the end of the Goju Ryu Karate-Do training method! As this is the case, there are definite ‘breathing’ methods used when performing these Katas. The ‘Sanchin’ Kata employs what is referred to as a formalised ‘Yang Breath’ (陽の息吹 - Yō No Ibu Ki) - which sees the practitioner maintaining the ‘tightening’ of all the muscles around the bones throughout the entirety of the body – with the instructor continuously ‘testing’ to ensure this process is being adhered to correctly! Through these training methods, the practitioner learns how to shift and lower the centre of gravity, how to smoothly transition between various and different fighting techniques - all performed whilst breathing deeply and fully! Both myself and my father, however, teach preparation exercises which loosen and strengthen the body and focus the mind BEFORE any of these profound exercises are taught. This is important as students require a means of ‘entering’ the Style so that the Goju Ryu techniques are not experienced as a shock to the system. Correct preparation prevents unnecessary injury and conditions the mind and body so that the structures and processes become suitable for further and advanced training.  
This is the systematic application of the scientific process. Science does not stand still but provides opportunities for continuous and further development. Logic and reason must be brought to bear upon the established traditions using the old techniques and is immeasurable when providing a firm and dynamic foundation for further development! When I was young, Kano Jagoro (嘉納冶五郎) visited Okinawa (in 1927) and was very impressed in the rational approach that my father had incorporated into the structure of Higaonna Naha-Te (as it transitioned into Goju Ryu)! He even took elements of my father's training regimes and incorporated them into his ‘Judo’ training patterns! He agreed that logic and reason must be used within traditional martial arts as a means to ensure that these old ways are preserved and made relevant for survival within modern society! My father explained to Kano Jagoro that the structure of Karate-Do is similar to the physical structures of material objects – such as a house, a tower or a bridge, etc. If the design principles are not sound – the building and/or structure will not stand – and will not be able to fulfil the purpose for which it was made! The house will collapse, the tower will fall, and the bridge will give way! Kano Jagoro was impressed with this thinking and congratulated my father on his progressive attitude! Indeed, Kano Jagoro incorporated this type of thinking into his development of Judo technique!  
As for my father – Miyagi Chojun – he would later develop the ‘Gekisai’ (撃砕) Kata (Number One and Number Two), as a means to express the entire Goju Ryu Karate-Do path in just two short sets of movements which can be elaborated extensively when an instructor so chooses to do so!  This was a substantial achievement which many other lineages of Goju Ryu misinterpret as being ‘simplistic’ or ‘beginning’ only Kata – but in reality, my father intended these Katas to be something much more important than this. If the ‘Gekisai’ Kata are closely examined, a whole new world of ‘meaning’ can be clearly discerned! This does not detract from the fact that the entirety of Goju Ryu Karate-Do is defined by the ‘Sanchin’ and the ‘Tensho’ Kata! When added together – there are ‘twelve’ (12) Kata preserved within Goju Ryu Karate-Do. The two ‘Gekisai’ are known as the ‘public’ Kata which are used to prepare a student for a more profound learning experience later on!  
Miyagi Chojun had a deep knowledge of geography and history as well as the Chinese Classics and was well versed in the different aspects of Eastern culture. I will never forget the image of my teacher - who used a dictionary as a pillow and would constantly look-up the meaning of words and think deeply about what he found! He was particularly knowledgeable about medicines and the physiology of the human body, and always studied Karate-Do from a medical point of view. This is why many of his acquaintances were also doctors. He studied Karate-Do from a modern and scientific point of view and designed its structure as a practical system! Indeed, modern Goju Ryu Karate-Do is designed around a scientific agenda which brings logic and reason to the practice of an ancient martial art! Although the techniques can be lethal if deployed a certain way – Miyagi Chojun ensured that the health-giving component of each technique was emphasised over its destructive element. An emphasis upon building a sound mind and a strong body replaced the destructive act of confusing the mind and harming the body of an opponent! Goju Ryu Karate-Do was maintained as a traditional fighting method with modern (medical) implications! 
https://goju-karatedo.com/will.html ​
科学的空手道へ指導体系を確立 
在来の空手道は、一拳必殺といわれるように、もっぱら実戦の場での殺傷の武術として発達してきたもので、術技のうえでも、現在の教育的見地からみれば、不適当な点もあった。 
このため宮城長順は基本形―剛の形(サンチン=三戦)のほかに、「六機手」というものを研究して柔の形(テンショウ=転掌)をつくった。「機手」とは中国南拳の上肢の動作および技法のことを言い、沖縄に伝わった『武備志』のなかで相手の急所(経穴)を突く際の手(開掌)の使い方が述べられている。宮城長順はこの手法を研究し、鍛錬形としてテンショウを創始した。また、東恩納寛量から鍛えられたサンチンの立ち方と運歩法をはっきりと定義づけたのである。 
サンチン、テンショウは首里手派にはなく、剛柔流空手道独自のものである。この基本形の鍛錬法においては、気息の呑吐法(陽の息吹)という形式化された独特な呼吸法があり、指導者による筋骨の締め方を伴う鍛錬法がある。こうした鍛錬法を通じて、「術技の変化」「気息の呑吐」「重心の移動」を体得するのである。 
さらに宮城長順の創始したものとして、基本形・開手形に入る前に行う徒手体操式の空手道術技に関連した「予備運動法」と、柔軟で強力な体力を養成しながら空手道術技の上達を側面的。 
に援助する補助運動法がある。この予備運動は修練上、非常に合理的な運動法であり、その重要性は計り知れないものがある。講道館柔道の創始者嘉納冶五郎が沖縄に来られ、そのとき師父が空手道の解説をしたのだが、嘉納師範は予備運動に非常に感心され、後の柔道体操に取り入れられたのではないかということを、私は師父から聞かされた。 
また、教育的観点から、剛柔流空手道の普及形として、ゲキサイ(撃砕)第一、ゲキサイ第二の形を創始した。剛柔流空手道の形は、サンチン・テンショウの基本形と、二つの普及形を含めた十の開手形とを合わせ合計十二の形がある。 
宮城長順は漢籍の素養はもとより、地理・歴史の造詣も深く、東洋文化にも通じていた。辞書を枕に絶えず辞書を繙き思索していた師父の姿が忘れられない。とりわけ薬種の知識、人体の生理に詳しく、常に医学的観点から空手道を研究していた。知人にも医者が多かった。そして空手道を近代的、科学的視点から考究し、練習体系として組み立てたのである。従来の空手道指導法を理論と実際に照らして修練の順序、方法を定め、武道として体育として、また精神修養の方法、健康法として、科学的に組織体系づけたのが剛柔流空手道である。 
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Quanzhou: The Birthplace of Yongchun White Crane Fist – A World Famous Chinese Martial Art!

8/15/2022

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Pay Attention to Gathering the 'Inner' Spirit (魂 - Hun) of the Crane - This is the Strength the Crane 'Manifests' (道 - Dao) in the Outer World! Therefore, the Crane is Self-Confident Because It Naturally Buildes the 'Inner' (内 - Nei) and the 'Outer' (外 - Wai) in a Perfect Harmony!
Translated By Shifu Adrian Chan-Wyles PhD ( © )
Yongchun (永春) White Crane Fist (白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan) is one of the seven major martial arts styles developed in Fujian Province. It was created during the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and has spread throughout China, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. It is a national heritage of immeasurable cultural importance! ​
The Southern Shaolin Fighting Method (南少林拳法 - Nan Shao Lin Quan Fa) - which developed during the Tang and Song Dynasties – was popular in Fujian by the middle of the Ming Dynasty. In the Fujian area of Yongchun - no matter whether in the city or the countryside - there were countless practitioners of martial arts! The Southern Shaolin System was prevalent but with such styles as ‘Taizu’ (太祖) or ‘Grand Ancestor’ and ‘Houquan’ (猴拳) or ‘Monkey Fist’ being very prevalent! The area was economically and culturally prosperous! The ‘History of the Ming Dynasty’ (明史 - Ming Shi), Volume 91, Martial Aspiration Three (兵志三 - Bing Zhi San) - Recollections (记载 - Ji Zai) states: ‘The people of Yongchun possess tremendous fighting-spirit and are highly skilled in martial arts practice!’ Therefore, it can be historically proved that the Yongchun people's practice of martial arts has been highly developed as early as the middle of the Ming Dynasty! ​
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Yongchun White Crane Fist Focuses Upon Dextrous Upper Body Movements! Attacks Are Deadly and Direct!
Yongchun White Crane Fist is one of the seven major fighting styles developed in Fujian Province. It was founded during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It takes the ‘White Crane’ bird as its spiritual, psychological and physical inspiration (形 - Xing) or ‘Form’ (‘Kata’ in Japanese martial arts) and manifests this inspiration in its general fighting method! The White Crane practitioner understands how to ‘move’ and remain ‘still’ - and how to transition between these two states with a smooth and non-confused accuracy controlled by an underlying higher knowledge that embraces the practitioner, the opponent and the environment! Furthermore, a White Crane practitioner fully comprehends the ‘empty’ (虚 - Xu) and the ‘full’ (实 - Shi) and how and when each is to be used so that the opponent is continuously ‘uprooted’ - whilst the White Crane practitioner is continuously strengthened! All the energy channels in the body (the eight extraordinary and the twelve ordinary) are opened, unified and fully functioning (transporting and strengthening Qi 精, Jing 氣 and Shen 神)! As this is the case, the mind, body and spirit are unified, just as the bones and joints are aligned (allowing the bodyweight to drop into the ground – and effortlessly rebound back up and out of the body – through the relevant striking areas). All movement is perfectly timed, and the speed is so fast that an opponent has difficulty discerning the blows as they are naturally ‘released’ from the limbs of the White Crane practitioner! The hands and feet alternate with a perfect timing and balance that is bewildering to encounter! The White Crane practitioner can ‘vary’ the 'speed’ of each blow so as to bypass the habitual (and expected) movements of an opponent’s defensive reactions! The White Crane practitioner can be as solid as a mountain or as light a feather – depending upon the ‘intention’ of the practitioner and the necessity of the moment! Those who master these ‘internal’ Shaolin martial arts can appear to ‘manifest’ and ‘disappear’ at will – as they manipulate the perception of the opponent! This is why there is said to be a blend of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ martial techniques! This style has been circulating in China and Southeast Asia for more than 300 years, and it is popular in Europe and the United States. As a consequence, this type of Chinese martial art is considered a quintessential manifestation of Chinese martial culture!  ​
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Foreign Friends Learn White Crane Fist in Yongchun (Photo by Yao Dechun [姚德纯])
According to research - Ip Man (叶问 - Ye Wen) who is well-known at home and abroad as the teacher of the great Bruce Lee – taught his style of ‘Wing Chun Fist’ (咏春拳 - Yong Chun Quan) which was heavily influenced by the fighting techniques of Yongchun White Crane Fist. Bruce Lee used all this martial arts knowledge to later develop his system of fighting termed ‘Jeet Kune Do’ (截拳道 - Jie Quan Dao)! Furthermore, Chinese, Okinawan and Japanese scholars all agree that the style of fighting known as ‘Goju Ryu Karate-Do' (刚柔流空手道 - Gang Rou Liu Kong Shou Dao) has its theoretical and technical roots firmly embedded in the fertile martial ground that is Yongchun White Crane Fist!  ​
Chen Hong (陈弘) - the President of the China Yongchun White Crane Fist Research Association - pointed out that there are many technical similarities between Fujian Yongchun White Crane Fist and the Guangdong martial style known as ‘Wing Chun Kune’ (咏春拳 - Yong Chun Quan)! For instance, before issuing a blow, the Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioner must first centre his or her own mind, body and spirit – gather up the accumulated energy and direct this ball of power toward the ‘centre-line’ of the opponent’s body! This gather and emitting ‘internal’ and ‘external’ power through the Conception Vessel 任脉 - Ren Mai) - whilst targeting the Conception Vessel of the opponent! This is the real meaning behind the ‘Centre-Line Theory’ which many only pay lip-service to. This is identical to the ‘Centre-Line’ theory as found in Wing Chun (and many other martial systems)! Furthermore, Wing Chun is also famous for the power its practitioners produce during their ‘one-inch punch’ demonstrations! This is termed ‘寸劲’ (Cum Jin) or ‘inch strength’ or the ability to generate ‘explosive short-range power’! Within Yongchun White Crane Fist, this same ability is known as ‘寸劲节力’ (Cum Jin Jie Li) or ‘inch power direct energy’! In both systems the feet are generally rooted with the knees remaining flexible to accommodate a dextrous upper body which delivers fast and massively powerful blows of all descriptions, landing at all levels! These include open and closed hands, fore-arms, elbow-strikes, upper-arms, shoulder and blows with the head! The torso ‘twists’ left and right through the pelvis and around the spine – whilst swaying and leaning left and right (forward and back at oblique angles) – all through, around, away from and back to the ‘centre-line’! The famous ‘chi-sow’ (黐手 - Chi Shou) or ‘stick hand’ technique of Wing Chun is very similar to the ‘pan shou’ (盘手) ‘enveloping hand’ technique found in Yongchun White Crane Fist! Although Wing Chun has been developed for more than 100 years, and is a renowned style of fighting, nevertheless, the shadow of Yongchun White Crane Fist still clearly looms in the background!  ​
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During 2019, the Students and Lecturers of Kyoto University of Culture and Education visited Yongchun for a Cultural Exchange and to Study Martial Arts!
Chen Hong (陈弘) has been researching the theory and practice of Yongchun White Crane Fist for many years, particularly with regards to practitioners living or taking refuge within Guangdong! During the Qing Dynasty reign of emperors Xianfeng (咸丰) [reigned 1850-1861] - and the Tongzhi (同治) emperor (reigned 1861-1875) - there lived a couple of Yongchun White Crane Masters named ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) and Chen Hu (陈湖) who took an active part in the Peasant Uprisings! Indeed, many such martial arts Masters participated in these uprising! Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全) led the ‘Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’ uprising which engulfed large parts of China – including Fujian province! ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) was personally appointed by Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全) as one of the ‘Strong Kings of Three Thousand Years’ - stationed in the Fujian area! This gave him command of thousands of Taiping troops! Despite many early victories and tremendous battles – the Taiping were defeated, and the surviving rebels had to flee! Many of these fugitives fled all over China whilst being pursued by a Qing Army led by ‘Zou Zongtang’ (左宗棠) - which drove them out of Fujian and into the Guangdong and Zhejiang areas – where the Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioners had to adopt disguises and live secret lives (whilst teaching disciples behind the scenes – often at night)! These survivors were inspired by ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) - where his reputation is still bright and shining in China today! ​
During the mid-Qing Dynasty, with the increasingly frequent unofficial cultural exchanges between Okinawa (Ryukyu), Japan and Taiwan, some White Crane Fist disciples went to Dongying (东瀛) to teach martial arts; many Japanese merchants who travelled to the Mainland for business and employment, also began to learn White Crane Fist and transmitted it back to Japan. During 1877, Higaonna Kanryo travelled from Okinawa to Fuzhou and studied Yongchun White Crane Fist. After three years of intense training, Higaonna Kanryo returned to his home in Okinawa – transmitting White Crane Fist as he went! After integrating White Crane Fist with Okinawan fighting techniques – the art of ‘Goju Ryu’ Karate-Do was eventually developed (by Miyagi Chojun – the key disciple of Higaonna Kanryo in Okinawa). It is clear from this example that White Crane Fist rejuvenated the Okinawan fighting arts! Another example lies with ‘Wang Xiangui’ (吴贤贵) who used to work for the Fuzhou Tower River Water Ministry (福州台江水部的 - Fu Zhou Tai Jiang Shui Bu) - but in 1912 he travelled to Okinawa where he met Higaonna Kanryo – who had established the ‘Eternal Light’ (永光 - Yongguang) Tea Shop (茶行 - Cha Xing). As he saw that Higaonna Kanryo and his disciples already knew ‘Yongchun White Crane Fist’ - he decided to teach the Okinawans the ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ (鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan) variant! It was the disciples of Higaonna Kanryo who had trained with Wu Xiangui that formed the ‘Okinawa Strong Foundation Association’ (冲绳刚泊会 - Chong Sheng Gang Po Hui)! Tokashiki, the President of Japan's Okinawa Goju Ryu Karate-Do Association, has been searching for many years to find the identity of the Chinese Masters who taught Higaonna Kanryo! Finally, the source of Yongchun White Crane Fist in Okinawa was discovered in Fujian - and a "remarkable monument" was raised in the Fujian Provincial Sports Centre (in 1990)! ​
During October 1928, the first national martial arts examination was held in Nanjing since its abolition in 1911 – following the overthrow and abolition of the Qing Dynasty and its feudalist and imperialistic system! Yongchun County in Fujian sent a martial arts expert known as ‘Jin jing’ (晋京) - who placed first in every category and won every available award! Indeed, Yongchun as a place was awarded with the title ‘Central Hall of Martial Arts Execellence’  (中央国术馆 - Zhong Yang Guo Shu Guan)! This meant that a government-sponsored centre of martial arts practice was established, legally protected and funded in the Fujian area! The advent of Yongchun White Crane Fist in the 20th century served to strengthen China not only in the eyes of its own people – but also in the eyes of those across the world – a view held and expressed by Mr. Tan Kah Kee (陈嘉庚) - who further stated, ‘China as a country has been strengthened by the vigour of our own martial arts!’ He also said, ‘Promote the strengthening essence and eradicate the weak!’ During August 1929, in his honour, he requested that the Yongchun White Crane Fist School contribute to the formation of a ‘Central Martial Arts Hall Southern Fujian Martial Arts Touring and Exhibition Group’ be formed to travel around China and to do so abroad! Its first performance was at ‘Xingma’ (星马) - but became the first martial arts delegation to go abroad in the history of Chinese Martial arts - creating a precedent for overseas cultural exchanges focusing upon martial culture! 
Mr. Tan Kah Kee met with all the members of the martial arts troupe many times to promote the concept of ‘strengthening the country by promoting martial arts’, and on the spot, he gave the correct title to the Southern Fujian Martial Arts Troupe: ‘Who is the sick man of East Asia – Certainly not the Chinese people! This shame is eradicated by the mastery of Wu Weiyang (武维扬)! Do not forget that the grandsons and granddaughters of the Yellow Emperor can be reborn anywhere – even as fishes! Perhaps the Heros of the Central Plane Create Cities that are dry!’
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Contrary to Western Propaganda - Students from The Taiwanese Region of China Visit Fuzhou Throughout the Years to Study Martial Arts!
In 2008, Yongchun White Crane Fist was included in the national heritage list as being of immeasurable cultural value! Today, there are an estimated 100,000 practitioners of Yongchun White Crane Fist, with thousands of experts and hundreds of top-class Masters! Fuzhou has also successfully held the first World Conference for Yongchun White Crane Fist – which attracted thousands of diverse people from all over the world – including many hundreds of Karate-Do practitioners! Yongchun White Crane Fist has also been a vehicle for good-natured and friendly exchanges across the straits! Throughout the martial arts competitions of the world - Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioners won more than 1,000 awards in various competitions at all levels! This style of martial culture is deeply rooted in Okinawa and across the world! As the theoretical and technical foundation for Okinawan Karate-Do – particularly GoJu Ryu – Yong Chun White Crane Fist has inspired a rich academic research genre, that has spread from educational facilities and on to the internet, as well as in books and in films! There have even been theatre performances, plays and other ‘live’ action and educational activities! At the same time, Yongchun White Crane Fist is entering the fields of health, culture and tourism, etc., and its comprehensive and all-round positive effect is becoming increasingly apparent. The United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, Moldova, Poland, the United States, Sweden, Switzerland, Iran, Malaysia and other countries, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, have all established professional organizations for the inheritance and practice of Yongchun White Crane Fist - in order to establish the ‘World Yongchun White Crane Fist Association' - which now has now laid a solid foundation.  ​
Reporter: Ceng Guangtai (曾广太) 
Correspondents: Chen Hong (陈弘) & Zhou Lili (周莉莉) - Text & Photographs (Except Signatured) ​
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Email: Frequency of Lineage (10.8.2022)

8/10/2022

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Our Family Style of 'Longfist' Utilises the 'Tongbei' (通背) Martial Concept of Generating Power - Which Interfaces with (and Exactly 'Mirrors') Our Taijiquan Practice!
Dear Tony

​It is interesting how the inner and outer body develops in relation to each fully rounded system, style and school, etc. Each lineage, although comprised of diverse elements from various and very different historical and/or cultural backgrounds, are welded together by a dominant founding-figure, so that a central (interpretating) ethos makes sense of it all! Therefore, if an individual practices a particular system for decades, the inner and outer 'frequency' of how their psychological and biological processes operate - takes on this exact ethos to the exclusion of all other alternatives. In other words, an individual becomes the epitome of the very martial tradition they have committed their life to following! Their thought and physical processes all start to manifest in a specific manner. Health is optimised - even when accidents happen or genetic illnesses appear. A transcending awareness starts to operate whereby the body (regardless of its state or function) is perfect just as it is regardless of conventional issues of health, well-being, ability or disability, etc. This is the mind transcending the body, with the body learning to operate through and around its own limitations, hindrances and obstacles. From a martial perspective, the job is done with efficiency and through the path of least resistance. This is particularly important for the experience of the ageing process - whereby a certain type of inexperienced strength and vigour gives way to a far more profound depth of understanding that is so powerful and exact that it lifts up the physical body (regardless of its state) like a cork floating on the ocean. The young people do not understand this and cannot predict its movement - hence their youth renders them susceptible to defeat through not paying attention and not applying the learning experience. Furthermore, although all aged Masters from different traditions no longer conflict and are well aware of the uniqueness of one another's path, they themselves also appreciate that their own style has bestowed upon each a specific frequency of functionality. Although they can progressively exchange technical information and advice - they also know the true meaning of 'lineage' and how it is like a flowing river from the past to the present, and from the present to future! I suppose we all get used to our own particular frequency of current! 
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Critically Examining the ‘Fist Frame’ (拳架-Quan Jia) as the Foundation of Taijiquan Practice

11/27/2021

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A Collaborative Article Written By Masters on China's 'Gongfu & Taiji' (功夫太极) WeChat Group - (2016-09-09 11:29) of Which I Am a Member!
Contribution & Translation Shifu Adrian Chan-Wyles
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Frame Adjustment is a Sign of Profound Taijiquan Mastery!
Beginners learn Taijiquan by replicating the "fist frame" (拳架-Quan Jia) - or the ‘physical structure’ of the Taijiquan style as taught by their teacher. The teacher uses the ancient method of teaching one step and one sequence at a time, so that each student can learn each step and each sequence before moving on to the next section. The teacher ‘expresses’ each movement one by one, whilst the practitioner imitates these movements ‘one by one’ until they become natural. This process is termed the "leading frame" (领架 - Ling Jia). Although the “fist frame” defines the physical appearance of the Taijiquan style, the essential and underlying reality of these movements contains an extremely rich content. It not only contains its extensive martial application, but this body of knowledge is closely connected to the internal strength-building (内功 - neigong) exercises. Authentic Taijiquan is passed on from one generation to the next through its readily recognisable ‘fist frame’ or stylised form. It is only through the correct preservation of the “fist frame” that all the other ‘hidden’ techniques are preserved and passed-on.  ​
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Moulding the Young Minds and Bodies of the Next Generation!
To effectively learn a style of Taijiquan, you must first seek out the correct “enduring image” (形象 - Xing Xiang), as taught by a reliable teacher. Logically follow the rules, be meticulous, and replicate each movement one by one and step by step. First learn the correct orientation of the body (that is, the correct alignment of the head, torso, arms, legs, hands and feet, etc), next perfect the hand positions and the techniques through which these positions are used, then perfect the footwork – learning ‘how’ and ‘when’ to step and stand-still, learn all the movement routes – that is how to step, when to stop stepping and how to piece each movement together into a smooth sequence of events, and through doing all this probably, mastery the ‘outer’ style of each style. The ‘outer’ methods are mastered first – then followed by a deepening of understanding and awareness whereby the ‘inner’ methods become apparent and are in-turn mastered. This creates a unified process which sees a relaxed mind, body and environment ‘merge’ into one complete reality of ‘awareness’ and all-embracing ‘presence’.  ​
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Frame Adjustment at the Beginning of a Taijiquan 'Form' is a Crucial First-Step!
According to whatever the style of Taijiquan being studied, ensure that the ‘chin is placed-forward (and slightly down) so that the vertebrae of the neck are gently but firmly ‘extended’ and the head correctly ‘lifted’ and placed with a ‘rooting’ strength upon the shoulders. The head and neck – in relation to the shoulders – becomes both ‘buoyant’ and yet ‘heavy’ whilst being perfectly aligned between all its constituent factors. This alignment of the vertebrae extends down from the neck into the chest and lower back area (simultaneously confirming the ‘concave’ and convex’ anatomical structures), with each placed exactly where it should be above and below all other contributing structures. The shoulders are ‘rounded’ as they surround the ‘rounded’ chest-cavity and there is no contradiction in the head-to-toe alignment of the bones, muscles, ligaments and tendons. The chested is rounded as it fills and empties with ‘air’ and ‘qi’ (氣). Therefore, the concave and ‘empty’ chest (together with the relaxed and strengthened abdominal muscles) joins the neck and head in being both ‘robust’, incredibly ‘strong’ through ‘alignment’ and yet ‘flexible’ like the wind. The pelvic-girdle is correctly aligned with the vertebrae that emerge from it. The pelvic-girdle form a ‘bowl-like’ structure into which the mass of the digestive organs sits, manoeuvre and function, etc. From the pelvic-girdle the upper body is structured and lower body touches the earth. The pelvic-girdle connects to the ground through the bone, joint and muscle structures of the legs, which always includes the connecting tendons and ligaments all over the human body! The pelvic-girdle must be rounded and concave so that it aligns with the knees, and the ankles, whilst the knees remain ‘rounded so that the bodyweight can ‘drop’ and ‘rise’ through the area unhindered. The descending bodyweight drops into the ground through the centre of the anatomical foot-structure (which varies in exact location depending upon the technique being used). When all this is ‘corrected’, then it becomes obvious that the shoulders and hips, elbows and knees, wrist and ankles and hands a feet become permanently ‘unified’ and ‘aligned’ in their physical activity and non-activity (I.e., ‘standing still’, etc). As ‘awareness’ increases, the shape of the hand and the ‘exact’ placement of one bone to another becomes possible and is a skill repeated all-over the body including throughout the structures of the feet. In other words, the ability to ‘align’ and correctly ‘arrange’ the entire body in general – becomes a highly efficient ‘localised’ skill applied to the smallest area of the body itself. This is how tremendous power can be generated throughout the ‘frame’ and correctly emitted through with a ‘fist’ or the open ‘palm’. Conversely, huge amounts of power can be ‘absorbed’ through an ‘open’ or ‘closed’ hand, distributed throughout the Taijiquan ‘frame’ and harmlessly neutralised into the environment. This is how the ‘mind’ first ‘expands’ its awareness’ throughout a ‘unified’ body-structure (or Taijiquan ‘physical ‘frame’) before ‘expanding’ beyond the physical ‘frame’ and becoming ‘all-embracing’ and ‘all-inclusive’ of ‘all’ and ‘nothing’ in the physical environment! This is the process of how a material ‘form’ (形象 - Xian Xiang) become an immaterial, ‘mind’ or spirit-driven ‘form’ (神象 - Shen Xiang). If ‘physical’ Taijiquan practice does not evolve into a ‘spiritual’ Taijiquan practice, then a life of practice, determination and sacrifice has been entirely wasted! The teacher provides the ‘fist form’ - but you must practice ‘beyond the ‘fist’ and firmly cultivate the ‘mind’. Without this transformation, nothing substantial can be fulfilled. The ‘spiritual essence’ is contained within the ‘form’ and the ‘frame’ - but is dependent upon neither and must emerge from both. However, due to the nature of the complexity of Taijiquan design and practice, it is inevitable that some will encounter problems with their practice. Beginners are often prone to rigidity of mind and body and are unable to properly ‘adapt. The most common errors involve ‘stiffness’ (僵 - Jiang), ‘scattered’ awareness (散 - San), ‘discontinuous’ awareness (断 - Duan), ‘non-alignment’ (歪 - Wai), ‘non-rootedness’ (浮 - Fu) and other problems.  ​
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Adjusting Past and Present...
A) ‘Stiffness’ (僵 - Jiang) - involves ‘tension’ being hidden throughout the mind and body of the practitioner. It is a product of ‘habit’ that must be undone and countered through the practice of psychological and physical relaxation. Habits of thought that generate psychological tension must be ‘dissolved’. Simultaneously, the tension that abides within the muscle-fibres must also be ‘released’ through deep breathing and the focus of the mind’s attention upon the area. Eventually All mind-body tension (which is merely ‘blocked’ qi energy flow), must be a) ‘released’ and b) ‘reabsorbed’ into the entire mind-body system.  

B) ‘Scattered’ awareness (散 - San) consists of a mind that is not yet ‘unified’ into a spiritual-whole so that the physical body is also affected by this ‘disunity’. A scattered mind inevitably manifests as a scattered body in the physical realm, whereas a unified mind which is all embracive of the physical body (and environment) inevitably provides the foundation for a fully united Taijiquan form. The ‘awareness’ must be ‘united’ by focusing the mind and disciplining its functionality. Once the psychological processes are ‘united’ - then the physical body (and its actions) will be permeated by this ‘unified’ 
awareness. 
 

C) ‘Discontinuous’ awareness (断 - Duan), between the upper and lower body, means that there is no connection between the mind, body and environment. In other words, no ‘rootedness’ as the practitioners ‘awareness’ capacity is both incomplete and discontinuous. The upper and 
lowe body cannot interact in a fluid and smooth fashion. Q energy flow is ‘broken’ at crucial points (effecting ‘jing’ [
精] and ‘shen’ [神] circulation, generation and transformation). As the top half of the body is ‘disconnected’ from the bottom half of the body – there is no transference of ‘awareness’, ‘energy’ or ‘ability’ through the pelvic-girdle. Beginners must observe and understand flowing water, reeling silk and clouds floating across the sky and how nature achieves these feats of action with no apparent effort at all. Human-awareness must extend fully in the ten-directions and not stop short at nine-directions! The practitioner must master the connection between ‘awareness’ and ‘movement’ - when such an awareness is ‘lacking’, then there is a ‘discontinuous’ awareness, or ‘break’ between areas of psychological and physical control. This problem can be resolved through practicing ‘deep’ relaxation of mind and body, as well as focusing the mind to ‘lead’ and ‘guide’ (引 - Yin) the awareness evenly through the physical structures of the body, so that ‘awareness’ always precedes and initiates all movement so that there is never a ‘break’ between ‘intention’ and ‘actuality’.  

D) ‘Learning to lead’ (引 - Yin), or direct a strengthened, concentrated and united mind so that its ‘intention’ continuously precedes all movement both ‘within’ and ‘without’ the physical body. In this regard, conscious awareness must automatically permeate the ten directions and everything within those ten directions – including the individual mind and body. This is a continuous pulsation that exists during sleep and awake times and which is fundamental and underlying in nature. Guiding the awareness, however, ss subtly different as it is a ‘refined’ awareness operating within this meta-awareness. Whereas the meta-awareness permeates the cellular structure of the mind and body – this ‘leading’ awareness penetrates the cellular wall and permeates into the subatomic structures. It has within it a compelling and attracting force which can also be ‘reversed’ into a repelling force (like releasing the built-up energy in a drawn-bow). At other times, it directs awareness and ‘pulls’ the physical body into the various directions of movement required. It is nothing short than the evolutionary mind-body nexus. ‘Thought’ within this context, although appearing ‘spiritual’ and ‘other-worldly’ is in fact a very subtle form of 
substrative material reality. 
 

E) ‘Non-alignment’ (歪 - Wai), refers to a disjointed and misplaced Taijiquan ‘frame’ (positioning) and ‘sequencing’ (form) so that the entire manifestation departs from the ‘law’ of the style, the philosophy of the tradition and the instruction of the teacher. Another description is that of a ‘crooked’ mind and body which mislead the practitioner and the world of taking the wrong direction. The body leans when it should be straight, or is straight when it should be leaning! The body remains ‘unrooted’ when it should be firmly affixed to the ground. The mind has no unified presence and is unable to penetrate and guide the 
the physical structures of the body. As there is no penetrative insight, the movements are ridiculous and disconnected. There is no awe-inspiring presence and no real Taijiquan practice taking place! 
 

​F) ‘Non-rootedness’ (浮 - Fu) can also be translated as ‘floating’ and refers to the non-dropping of the ‘qi’ (and ‘bodyweight’) down into the 
dantian (
丹田) situated two-inches below the naval and through the centre of the bones (stimulating the bone-marrow) in the case of the bodyweight proper. Pockets of psychological and physical tension can prevent the qi-energy flowing properly through the eight special channels (and the numerous other major and minor qi-energy flow channels), as well as the bodyweight ‘dropping’ effectively through the centre of the bones down into the floor through the soles of the feet, etc. Eventually, the dropping of the bodyweight results in a ‘rebounding’ force which bounces the qi-energy back up the body through the centre of the bone marrow – a gravity related processes which eventually integrates with the qi-energy flow through the qi-energy channels. If an underlying psychological awareness of the deep structures of the body is not present, then neither qi-energy flow nor bodyweight movement will be understood or even known to exist! Instead, the external body will be separated into essentially top-heavy and insular compartments of disjointed and non-rooted entities! All is disconnected from the ground and from the awareness of the mind. Drop the awareness into the ground to rescue the mind and body from this hellish existence!  ​
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Even Within a Set 'Style' There is Room for 'Frame' Variation!
This is why the ‘fist frame’ is the mother of the Taijiquan system of advanced Chinese martial arts (as it conveys the ‘secret’ of how to ‘punch’ with extreme power! Each individual part of the body must be thoroughly penetrated and minutely understood with a fully develop and directed conscious mind – before each part of te body is ‘integrated’ (through accumulated ‘insight) into a ‘unified’ whole. Although a ‘form’ of Taijiquan made well hold continuous physical characteristics that continuously broadcast a well-known' style – it is the mastery of the ever-change ‘frame’ of the Taijiquan form that is vital for martial arts dominance and success in the physical world. Of course, the ‘form’ and ‘frame’ obviously over-lap and coincide but they are not identical. Whereas a ‘style’ of Taijiquan may well utilise a continuous ‘form’ or philosophical-physical approach – whilst a continuously changing, altering and adjusting ‘frame’ may be manifested by an expert practitioner.  Whilst being firmly ‘rooted’ to the nourishing ground, an expert practitioner of Taijiquan is continuously manifesting the ‘root’ principles of the style, whilst also adjusting that particular ‘form’ (physical superstructure) to the conditions prevailing in the external world. A ‘fist frame’ facilitates ‘punching’ (or ‘open and closed hand techniques’ in general), whilst a ‘kicking frame’ opens the hip-area allowing for an array of ‘lifting’ or ‘floating’ leg techniques which uses the foot, knee or side of the leg-structure to ‘strike’ or ‘block’ whist standing still, or moving forward, back or side to side (although some of this activity might fall under the designation of a ‘stepping frame’ adjustment). An advanced ‘iron-vest’ frame allows for the bone structure to be utilised in a manner that deflects, absorbs or re-directs incoming energy, etc. There is even the case that suggests that the ‘frame’ of a Taijiquan style should be further adjusted as the age of the practitioner increases to counter the effects of ageing. With regards to self-defence, the body-shape, experience and motivation of an opponent will call upon the defending Taijiquan to adjust the type of ‘frame’ they manifest during hostilities.  A Taijiquan ‘form’ that does not adjust its ‘frame’ (or the distance between the feet and between the hands), is then ‘stuck’ in manifesting just one particular ‘frame’. This is a common mistake today developed from a lack of properly qualified teachers.  ​
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Radical Adjustment of 'Frame' is Crucial for Combat Effectiveness!
When Taijiquan was ‘liberated’ from the limitations of feudalism in 1949 – there was not readily available a suitable cadre of instructors to carry-out this advanced ‘liberating’ policy. To remedy this, it was decided that initially it was enough for the ‘copying’ of the superficial movements (I.e., ‘form’) to take place throughout China, and that over-time, as this new approach of ‘openness’ settled in (with a limited single ‘frame’), the number of qualified teachers would increase. Today, this transitional stage Is still in operation, with practitioners seeking an ever-greater depth of understanding, although association with legitimate lineage masters that are coming to light. This is a slow but inevitable process. Taijiquan – the most advanced martial art ever constructed by the human mind – has been ‘freed’ from the few exclusive lineages that once controlled its dissemination. Although lineages till exist and their practice is disciplined, the knowledge they possess in now viewed as belonging to humanity. ​
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A 'Form' is Both 'Set' in Structure and Yet 'Diverse' in 'Frame'!
Chinese Language Reference: 
https://www.sohu.com/a/114000920_467831 
拳架为学练太极拳之母!练拳易犯的几点坏毛病,快来看看自己有没有?  
2016-09-09 11:29 
点击上方↑"功夫太极"快速免费订阅太极养生资讯 
"拳架"为学练太极拳之母[摘编] 
 
初学太极拳应从学习“拳架”开始。即是学练老师的拳架。一招一式,逐一模仿。这一过程,称之为“领架”。拳架虽为外形,但却有极为丰富的内容。它不但含有很多技击招式,还与内功练习紧密相连。拳架是太极拳的基础,也是练习太极功夫的向导。没有拳架就无法练习太极拳。架子正确与否关系到太极拳的功夫能否练成。 
学练拳架,先求形象,须循规蹈矩,一丝不苟,逐一模仿。先学基本的身法、手法、步法,动作路线,各定式的样子及要领。架子应先求开展,后求紧凑。要求全身节节放松。如某一定式,先查是否“虚领顶劲,立身中正”,是否“含胸拔背,胸空腹实”,是否“松腰落胯,圆裆扣膝收臀”;再查步法是否正确;再检查肩肘腕是否放松,是否“沉肩坠肘、塌腕舒指”;最后再检查掌形、拳形,钩手等是否正确。在“形象”的基础上再求“神象”。不但要求形象,还要求神象。如不得太极拳之神形,则练一辈子也是茫然,不成大器。若想精其技,趋大成者,非得老师拳架之神形不可。然而,由于太极拳的特点,初学者往往难以适应,易出现一些毛病,最常见的主要有:僵、散、断、歪、浮等毛病。 
1 
僵 
就是僵硬、松不下来。练习太极拳,松为第一要义。而没有经过太极拳练习的人,身上都有僵劲。年龄越大,身体越是强壮,僵劲越大。而太极拳的动作是圆的运动,要求柔和缠绵,节节贯串,全身协调,主宰于腰。这就给练习太极拳带来很大的困难。因此,一开始,就要强调放松,练习者要有意识地使自己的身体放松。用意不用力,意松体松,内外皆松。 
 
2 
散 
即神散,形散。练习太极拳要求全神贯注,心无旁骛,如果练拳时心不在焉,杂念丛生,就无法做好动作。形散一般是指动作幅度过大,没有含蓄,或者动作不协调,散了架子。练习太极拳手臂和腿要自然弯曲,不可直手直脚,要注意处处保持太极球的形态。同时注意全身的协调性,所有的动作主宰于腰,以身领手,周身一家。 
3 
断 
指意断,劲断。动作不连续,上下动作之间断开,缺乏圆滑的过渡。太极拳要求柔和缠绵,练拳时,上动未停,下动又起,如行云流水,抽丝挂线,一气呵成,动作做到九分,意要贯到十分。而初学者往往不能很好掌握动作与动作之间的衔接问题,因此,就出现了“断”的问题。要克服这个毛病,一要注意放松,二要加强“引”的练习。即掌握“引”的规律,一般来说,引的规律是欲上先下,欲左先右,欲前先后。就是向相反的方向运动。 
4 
引 
“引”在太极拳中有非常重要的作用,它是太极拳的精华和绝妙之处。它不但起着承上启下的作用,还关系到太极拳阴阳转换,虚实开合的变化。没有引,太极拳的动作就无法圆滑过渡;没有引,就无法实现折叠转换;没有引,劲就无法绵绵不绝。 
然而,在现实生活中,许多太极拳练习者,往往忽视“引”的练习和应用。他们往往注意动作的外形是否到位,样子好不好看,而忽视了太极拳的精华。练好引的关键是用内动带动外动,心静体松,精神内固,丹田旋转,引领全身,以根节催动梢节,动作似停非停,将展未展之际,心意一动,“引”则油然而生。上动未停,下动又起,流连缱绻,无始无终。应该特别指出,引是自然而然的,是松沉的表现,不是故意做出来的。不可为了做引的动作,故意把拳打得一顿一顿的。引从外形上看,以不露痕迹为上品。 
引在推手中有着极其重要的作用。两人接手后,轻轻一引,即可化解来力。能引,则能做到劲由内换。由于引的圈子很小,则可做到在不动身形的情况下化发自如,即引即发,原地风光。 
因此,打太极拳需注意引的练习。只有把引练好了,才能打出太极味,才能使整套拳如抽丝挂线,绵绵不断;似长江大河,滔滔不绝。引是太极拳的细微之处,乃太极拳绣花之法,须默识揣摩,细心体悟,才能真正学到。 
5 
歪 
指身法不正。前俯后仰,左右歪斜。练习太极拳身法以端正为本。身法端正,无所偏倚,虚灵内含,浩然之气,运于全身。初学者往往由于动作僵硬,易使身体不正。身法中正是练好太极拳的基础,千万马虎不得。 
6 
浮 
即漂浮。太极拳要求含胸拔背,胸空腹实,气沉丹田,落地生根。而初学者往往架子忽高忽低,挺胸突臀,动作漂浮,气向上涌,头重脚轻。浮乃练习太极拳之大忌,须注意克服。 
要克服上述毛病,关键要抓住“松、静、沉”三个字。无论练习何种太极拳,都要在这三个字上下功夫。因此,“松、静、沉”为练习太极拳的三字经,要把它刻在脑海中,落实在行动上。在学习老师拳架的过程中,要细心模仿,悉心领悟动作要领,发现问题及时纠正。太极拳架中包含有极丰富的内容,要掌握这些内容,需要长期反复练习才能做到。 
因此说,拳架为母。练习太极拳一定要在拳架上下功夫。每天反复盘拳架,如有可能,尽量多练。同时,要不断领悟内在的东西,练悟结合,“拳打千遍,其理自现”。练习拳架有一个“从外引内,以内带外”的过程。开始时,只能外形划大圈,而后逐步产生内动,每个动作先有内动,再有外动,环环相扣,无始无终,动作沉稳,柔棉,一动无有不动,一静无有不静,内外合一,周身一家。只有这样,才能逐步提高自己的太极拳水平。 
孔子曰:“人而无信,不知其可也” 
意思就是说:一个练武之人要是连《功夫太极》微信都没关注,简直都不知道他是怎么练拳的.. ​
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Antique Smoking-Pope Preserved Within the Chan Family!

10/25/2021

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Probably of latter Qing Dynasty Design (c.19th century)
Although Britain used 'opium' grown in India as a means to unnaturally pollute the minds and bodies of the Chinese people (so that they could be more easily controlled by the European invaders), it is also true that traditional Chinese medicine has for centuries used 'opium' as a means to control psychological, emotional and physical pan. Indeed, for thousands of years 'opium' remained the ONLY naturally grown plant that could perform this task. Obviously, a doctor genuinely 'relieving' pain and thereby reducing the suffering of another human-being is very different from a European invading force within China that mis-used 'opium' to 'stupify' the minds and bodies of the already healthy masses so that they could not effectively organise a resistance to Western occupation and annexation of their country! The result of this despicable behaviour has been the literal demonisation of 'opium' when in fact when it is used in the right hands it is a very effective and legitimate medicine. Indeed, even modern Western medicine makes use of opium-derivatives in the production of the pain-killer 'morphine'. 
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Lightweight and Sturdy to Assist Usage Whilst 'Relaxed'!
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The Copper-Bowl and Lower-Stem is Detachable for 'Cleaning'!
Description of 'opium' pipe owned by Master Chan Tin Sang (1924-1993). The 'smell' and 'taste' of the last 'smoke' is still evident. 

Bamboo stem (main-body) = dark brown in colour. 

Copper bowl and lower stem (all one design) = Reddish-brown in colour.

Length of bamboo-stem plus copper-bowl = 19.75 Inches - 50.2 cm - 1 Foot 7.75 Inches - 0.502 Metres.

Length of bamboo-stem minus copper-bowl = 17 Inches - 43.18 - 1 foot 5 Inches - 0.43 Metres.

Copper-bowl Diameter = 1 inch - 2.5 cm

Design on lower stem situated on the copper-bowl consists of six individual dots arranged around a single central dot (forming a flower motif). Four Old Style Chinese Characters are arranged equidistance around this 'flower'. A single row of Chinese characters run in a straight-line down back of the short copper stem (immediately behind) the copper-bowl.
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Chinese Lettering Usually Extols 'Double-Happiness' (囍 - Xi) also expressed as '双修' (Shuang Xiu) - or 'Two Types of Identical Happiness Occurring Simultaneously Without Paradox or Hindrance'!
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Pencil Rubbings By Gee Wyles of the Inscriptions Around the Copper-Bowl!
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I shall Attempt to 'Rationalise' These Characters in Due Course.
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Smoking-Pipes Have Been a Part of Legitimate TCM for Centuries!
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Teaching Taijiquan in Leisure Centres and Retirement Homes - Sutton and Surrounding Area (2005-2013)

10/21/2021

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Teaching Members of the General Public as part of an official business venture (on behalf of a third-party - i,e, the 'Business Owner') requires the appropriate yearly insurance which covers injury and the complaints procedure, etc.
I learned traditional Chinese gongfu in the traditional manner that places ‘virtue’ and ‘sincerity’ above money – as an individual cannot ‘buy’ ability but only earn it! This is why, when I have held public classes in the past, I did not charge for my tuition – but shared the rent of the hall with those who turned-up to train. Over each year I would be lucky to break even. However, following a change of fortunes in 2004, I was obliged to seek some type of employment to support myself, my partner and our children above and beyond my status as an academic specialising in Chinese cultural understanding and the translation of old and new Chinese script, etc. This is where I spent over a decade teaching Taijiquan in local leisure centres and retirement homes. I offered the same professional level of care for my students – but someone in the management system would pay me a regular fee (as I refused to collect money from those attending). This is a record of that journey. ​
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David LLoyd - Cheam - On the Grounds of Nonsuch School for Girls
David Lloyd Leisure Centre – Cheam – One-Off Taijiquan Lesson 430pm – 6pm (5.3.2005) 
​

I was offered £45 for a one-off one-hour Taijiquan Class at the David Lloyd Leisure Centre (a chain of gyms owned by Whitbread) located with the grounds of the Nonsuch School for Girls (near Cheam Village). This was because the Manager wanted to see if I was competent enough to hold a regular Taijiquan class at David Lloyd – Epsom. March 5th, was a Saturday and I spent the earlier part of the day travelling Warwick with Gee and Sue-ling with Liz driving -  to attend a meeting held by the Buddhist Prison Chaplaincy Service at the Forest Hermitage (a Buddhist Temple) situated within the Warwickshire countryside. The effort turn-out to be worthwhile as it led to regular work at David Lloyd – Epsom. 
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Invoice From David Lloyd - Epsom
David Lloyd Leisure Centre – Epsom (2005-2009) 
​

I taught a peak of three one-hour Taijiquan lessons a week (at £35 per lesson) at this leisure centre which now occupies part of the land used by the old ‘Horton Hospital’ (1902-1997). This David LLoyd Gym was opened in 2002 in a countryside setting (adjacent to the popular ‘Horton Farm’). I used to teach Taijiquan on Wednesday afternoon between 1pm – 2pm. My next Taijiquan class was held on Friday evenings between 630pm – 730pm. For a short-time an experimental third lesson of Taijiquan was added for a Monday between 1pm – 2pm – but was soon discontinued due to lack of interest. I think I started teaching around June, 2005, but I am not sure of the exact date at this juncture (although a document might turn up to clarify at some point). My last Taijiquan lesson for David Lloyd – Epsom, however, was held on Wednesday, April 8th, 2009. I then travelled with Gee and my eldest daughter – Sue-Ling - to my parental home in Torquay (by train). Gee and Myself were married the next day (9.4.2009) at the Oldway Mansion, Torquay – with Sue-Ling acting as ‘Witness’.  
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LA Fitness - Ewell East
LA Fitness – Ewell East (2006) 
​

By far the worst conditions I worked under. It was difficult to get to and/or find – so poor had been is locating - and the Manager was dishonest in her dealings with myself. She offered just £20 per hour for each class of 45 minutes duration (this was the agreement). This single class of Taijiquan was held on Thursday evenings between 745pm – 830pm. When I submitted my invoice to claim the ‘princely’ sum of ‘£20’ the Manager in question ‘crossed-out’ my claim and wrote in its place ‘£20 for one-hour - £15 for 45 minutes.’ Giving the impression that it was I (the worker) and not her (the Manager) who was being corrupt! I kept up this work for about a year before I terminated the agreement.  
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Fairfield Centre – Leatherhead (2011-2013) 

This was a very good working environment with the Manager - ‘Christine’ - being very professional. I was originally booked for six-weeks to teach a class of retired and elderly people Taijiquan for one-hour (10am – 11 am) held regularly on a Tuesday morning (attracting a £30 per hour fee). However, as matters transpired, I spent three-full years teaching at this centre – often assisted by my partner Gee – who is a gongfu Master of our family style in her own right! We found the people of Leatherhead to be very accommodating, thoughtful and encouraging. Fairfield Centre was administered by Mole Valley District Council.  ​
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The Residents of Ashcroft Place Would Make These Invoices for Me!
Ashcroft Place Residents – Leatherhead (2012) 

A number of residents from this centre had attended one of my Taijiquan classes held at nearby Fairfield Centra – and had approached me to see if I could teach a class of Taijiquan at Ashcroft – an invitation I immediately accepted. I taught one-hour a week on Thursday mornings between 1030am – 1130am (for a £30 hourly fee). This arrangement lasted one very enjoyable year. Elderly people prefer (and should receive) a fifteen minute-break within each hourly session. This is only right and proper for the maintenance of dignity and respect. I enjoyed teaching the venerable members of our community – particularly as I am rapidly approaching this time of life myself!  

Honourable Mentions: 

The management of one of the fitness centres in Leatherhead had been taken-over by a woman named ‘Claire’ who used to work at David Lloyd – Epsom – and who knew me because she happened to have been my previous line-manager. Claire enquired as to whether I could teach a class of Taijiquan at this fitness centre – but they wanted me to hold it on the same day and time that I was already teaching at the Fairfield Centre – and so I declined.  
​

I was also contacted by the Manager of the Virgin Gym near Abbey Mills – but his idea of a) a reasonable fee, and b) proper working conditions were worse than those held by the Management of LA Fitness – and so I declined.  ​
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    Shifu Adrian Chan-Wyles (b. 1967) - Lineage (Generational) Inheritor of the Ch'an Dao Hakka Gongfu System.

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    Anti Japanese War
    Anti-Japanese War
    Anti-sword
    Aomori Prefecture
    Application
    Approach
    Appropriation
    Arab
    Arabs
    Aragaki Ryuko
    Aragaki Shuichi (新垣修一)
    Arahant
    Arahant Fist
    Arahant Fist (罗汉拳)
    ’Arahant Fist’ (罗汉拳 - Luo Han Quan)
    Arahant Seven Postures
    Archaeology
    Archealogy
    Archery
    Archibald Britton Wyles
    Archives
    Ardeous
    Arm
    Armed
    Armies
    Arms
    Arm Strengthening
    Army
    Arrow
    Arrows
    Art
    Article
    Art Of War
    Arts
    Ashcroft Place
    Asia
    Asian
    Assassin
    Association
    At A Distance
    Athlete
    Athletic
    Atrocities
    Attack
    August
    Austronesians (南岛语 - Nan Dao Yu)
    Author
    Avoid
    Aware
    Awareness
    Baby
    Back
    Bad
    Badaling
    Badge
    Bad Luck
    Bagpipes
    Baguaquan
    Baguzhang
    Bag-work
    Bai
    Baidu
    Bai He Quan
    Baihequan
    'Bai Hui (百会)
    Bai-Yue
    'Bai Yue' (百越)
    Bajiquan
    Bak Hok
    Bak Hok Kune
    Balance
    Ball
    Ballet
    Bamboo
    Ba Min
    Ban
    Bandits
    Bank
    Banking
    Banner
    Barbarian
    Barefoot
    Bare Knuckle
    Bare-knuckle
    Barracks
    Barrel
    Barrier
    Barrierless
    Barry Wilkinson 4th Dan
    Basic
    Basics
    Battle
    Battlefeild
    Battlefield
    Battle Kite
    Battles
    Bayonet
    BBC
    Beak
    Bear
    Beard
    Beauty
    Beggars
    Behaviour
    Beheading
    Beheadings
    Beijing
    Beijing Institute Of Archaeology
    Bei Shi Quan
    Belly-Splitting
    Belt
    Belts
    Bench
    Bend Well
    Bhante
    Bhikkhu
    Bian Que (扁鹊)
    Bias
    Big
    Bile
    Bill
    Bing Fa
    Biography
    Biological
    Biology
    Bird
    Birmingham
    Birth
    Bizarre
    Bi (​笔)
    Black
    Black Belt
    Black Guard
    Blade
    Bladed
    Bleeding
    Blend
    Block
    Blood
    Blood Flow
    Blood-flow
    Blood Supply
    Blow
    Boat
    Boats
    Bob
    Bodhidharma
    Body
    Body Conditioning
    Body-conditioning
    Bodyguard
    Body Mechanics
    Body-weight
    Bodyweight
    Bojutsu
    Bokken
    Bombs
    Bone
    Bones
    Book
    Book Of Change
    Book Of Changes
    Book Of Documents
    Borrow
    Boulder
    Bounce
    Boundary
    Bow
    Bowls
    Box
    Boxe Française
    Boxer Rebellion
    Boxers
    Boxer Uprising
    'Boxer Uprising' (1898-1901)
    Boxing
    Bozhou (亳州)
    Bpdyweight
    Brahma
    Brain
    Brainwash
    Branch Temple
    Brave
    Bravery
    Brazil
    Brazilian
    Break
    Breath
    Breathe
    Breathing
    Breaths
    Brew
    Brian Victoria
    BriitisIh
    Brilliance
    ‘Brilliant Warrior Training Hall’ (明布馆 - Mei Bu Kan)
    Britain
    British
    British Citizen
    British Colony
    British Isles
    British Subject
    Brittany
    Broadcast
    Broad Earth
    Bronze Inscription
    Brother
    Bruce Lee
    Bruise
    Brutality
    Buddha
    Buddhism
    Buddhist
    Buddhist Temple
    Budo
    Bu-Fa
    Buffalo
    Building
    Bujutsu
    Bujutusu
    Bullshido
    Bunkai
    Burial
    Bus
    Bushido
    Business
    Butterfly
    Cadre
    Cai Mingcan
    Cai (蔡)
    Cai (蔡)
    Calm
    Camel
    Canals
    Cannons
    Cantonese
    Capacity
    Capillaries
    Capitalism
    Capture
    Card
    Cardiff
    Careful
    Caring
    Carriage
    Casual
    Cat
    Catch
    Catholic
    Cat Stance
    Causeway Bay World Fitness Club
    Cavalry
    Cave
    Celibate
    Cell
    Celsius
    Celt
    Celtic
    Ceng (曾)
    Central
    Centre
    Centred
    Centre-line
    Centre-mass
    Ceramic
    Cernunnos
    Certificate
    Chain
    Challenge
    Ch'an
    Chan
    Chance
    Ch'an Dao
    Ch'an Dao System
    Change
    Change Classic
    Chang Quan
    Chan Hung-Yu
    Channels
    Chan Si Jin
    Chan Tin Sang
    Chan Tin Sang (1924-1993)
    Chan-Wyles
    Chan (陳)
    Chao
    Chaquan
    Character
    Characters
    Charcoal
    Charge
    Chariot
    Chariots
    Charles Johnson
    Charles W Johnson
    Chatroom
    Cha (查)
    Cheam
    Chemical
    Chemistry
    Chen
    Chen Heng Yu
    Chen Hongzong (陈宏宗)
    Chen Jiageng
    Chen Qiwen
    Chen Shumin (陈淑敏)
    ‘Chen Yijiu’ (陈依九)
    Chen (陈)
    Chen (陳)
    Chest
    Cheung Yat-tai
    'chhui' Or 'sui'
    Chiang Kai-Shek
    Chibana Chōshin
    Chief
    Chikashi Terao
    Chin
    China
    China Hand
    Chinese
    Chinese Children
    Chinese Gongfu
    Chinese Hand
    Chinese Imperial Army
    Chinese Lions
    Chinese Mecrimes
    Chinese Script
    Chinese Women
    Chinese Wrestling
    Chin Na
    Chinna
    ‘chi-sow’ (黐手 - Chi Shou)
    Chojun
    Chongqing
    Chongsheng
    Chop
    Chōtoku Kiyan
    Choy Li Fut
    Christian
    Chu-Dan
    Church
    Circle
    Circles
    Circuit
    Circulation
    Citizenshiip
    Civil
    Civility
    Clan
    Clandestine
    Claret
    Clarity
    Classic
    Classic Of Change
    Classic Of History
    Clay
    Clean
    Cleaning
    Clear
    Cleave
    Clever
    Cliff
    Climate
    Climate Change
    Clog
    Closed
    Clothes
    Clothing
    Cloud
    Club
    Club Constellation
    Coach
    Coins
    Cold
    Cold War
    Collect
    Collection
    Collective
    College
    Colony
    Colour
    Coloured
    Combat
    Combination
    Comedy
    Commandant
    Comment
    Commercial
    Committed
    Committee
    Communicate
    Communism
    Community
    Compassion
    Competition
    Complete
    Completeness
    Concave
    Concentration
    Concept
    Conception
    Conception Vessel
    Concepts
    Conditioining
    Conditioning
    Confidence
    Conflict
    Confucian
    Confucianism
    Confucius
    Confusion
    Congealed
    Connective
    Conscious
    Consciousness
    Considered
    Constantine I
    Constriction
    Consultative
    Contact
    Contain
    Contemplation
    Context
    Continuous
    Contract
    Control
    Controlling
    Convex
    Convey
    Copper
    Copy
    Cord
    Corners
    Cornwall
    Correct
    Corrections
    Corruption
    Cotton
    Council Estate
    Count
    Course
    Covid-19
    Coward
    Cowhide
    Coxinga
    CPC
    Craft
    Crafts
    Crane
    Crane Fist
    Crane Hand
    Crane Immortal
    'Crane's Nest Temple' (鹤巢寺 - He Chao Si)
    Crane Technique – Fujian Whooping Crane Fist’ (鹤法——福建鸣鹤拳 He Crane – Fu Jian Ming He Quan
    Crane Technique – Fujian Whooping Crane Fist’ (鹤法——福建鸣鹤拳 - He Crane – Fu Jian Ming He Quan
    Crawl
    Crimes
    Criminal
    Criticism
    Crooked Whip
    Cross
    Cross-Buttocks
    Cross-country
    Crossing
    Cross-legged
    Cross-step
    Cross-training
    Crown Road
    Crying
    Ctesias
    Cultivation
    Cultural
    Culture
    Cups
    Curved
    Cut
    Cut Gate
    Cuts
    CW Nicol
    Cycles
    Da Dao
    Dagger
    Daggers
    DaiIchi
    DaiNi
    ‘Dai Nippon Butoku Kai’ (大日本武徳会)
    DaiSan
    Damage
    Dance
    Danger
    Dangerous
    Dan Tian
    Dantian
    Dao
    Daoism
    Daoist
    Dao Yin
    Daoyin
    Data
    Date
    David Lloyd - Cheam
    David Lloyd - Epsom
    Da Xiong Mao
    Da Zhuan
    D-Day
    Deadly
    Death
    Death-cut
    Death Touch
    Decades
    Deception
    Decipher
    Decisive
    Dedication
    Deep
    Deepening
    Deep-sea
    Deep Stances
    Deer
    Defeat
    Defence
    Defend
    Deflect
    Defuse
    Delusion
    Demonstration
    Depth
    Destroy
    Destroyed
    Destruction
    Develop
    Development
    Dhamma
    Dharma
    Dharmakaya
    Dhyana
    Dialect
    Dialectic
    Diamond Sutra
    Diane Wyles
    Dian Mai
    Dian Xue
    Dictionary
    Difficult
    Dignity
    Dim Mak
    Direct
    Direction
    Disability
    Disappeared
    Disarm
    Disarmed
    Disc
    Discerning
    Disciple
    Disciples
    Discipline
    Discontinuous
    Discover
    Disinformation
    Dislocate
    Disorder
    Disrespect
    Dissecting
    Dissolve
    Distance
    Distance Learning
    Distancing
    Distinguish
    Dit Da Jow
    Divert
    Divide
    Divination
    Divine
    Divine Sky
    Division
    DNA
    Do
    Document
    Dodge
    Dodging
    ‘Dogen’ [道元]
    Dog Fist
    Dogs
    Dojo
    Domestic
    Dominance
    Dominate
    Dongjiang Column
    Donn Draeger
    Door
    Doorway
    Dorset
    Double
    Double Edge
    Double-edge
    Double-handed
    Double-happiness
    Double Hip Twist
    Double Punch
    Douyin
    Dove
    Down
    Dragon
    Dragon And Tiger Interact (龙虎戏 - Long Hu Xi)
    Dragon Boat
    Dragon Dance
    Dragon Fist
    Draw
    Drawing Bow
    Drawing The Bow
    Drop
    Dropped
    Dropping
    Druid
    DT Suzuki
    Duality
    Duck
    Duddington
    Dummy
    Dust Whisk
    Dutch
    Duty
    Dynamic
    Dynasty
    Ear
    Ears
    Earth
    Earthenware
    East
    Easy
    Eat
    Ebergy Flow
    Eddie Daniels
    Edge
    Educate
    Education
    Effective
    Efficiency
    Efficient
    Effort
    Effortless
    Efort
    Ego
    Egypt
    Eight
    Eighteen
    Eighteen Arahant Fist
    Eight Gates
    Eight Trigrams
    Eikatsutatsu
    Elbow
    Elder
    Elderly
    Elephant & Castle
    Embrace
    Emei (峨眉)
    Emergency
    Emishi
    Emissary
    Emit
    Emperor
    Empire Of The Sun
    Empress Dowager Cixi
    Empty
    Empty Hand
    Empty Step
    Encircle
    End
    Endurance
    Endure
    Enemy
    Energy
    English
    Enlightenment’ (悟 - Wu)
    Enter The Dragon
    Entwine
    Envelop
    Envelope
    Environment
    Environmentalist
    Envoy
    Equality
    Ernie Molyneux
    Errata
    Errors
    Essay
    Essence
    Essential Life Mind-body
    Essential Nature
    Esteemed
    Eternal Light
    Ethnic
    Ethnicity
    Ethnic Thai
    Etymology
    Eurocentric
    Eurocentricism
    Europe
    European
    Evade
    Evasion
    Evening
    Events
    Evidence
    Evolution
    Evolve
    Exact
    Exchange
    Exclude
    Excluded
    Exclusive
    Excommunication
    Execution
    Executions
    Exercise
    Exit
    Exorcism
    Expand
    Expansion
    Expansive
    Expel
    Expelled
    Experience
    Expert
    Expert Self-defence
    Explain
    Explosives
    Expo
    Expression
    Expressive
    Expulsion
    Extension
    Externa
    External
    External Qigong
    Eye-strike
    Face
    Face-to-face
    Fact
    Fairfield Centre
    Fake
    Fall
    False
    Familiar
    Family
    Family Crest
    Fang Gang
    Fang Ligui (房利贵)
    Fang Qiniang’ (方七娘)
    ‘Fang Zhonggong’ (方种公)
    Fan Yinglian (范应莲)
    Farm
    Farming
    Farming Tools
    Fars
    Fast
    Father
    Father-to-son
    Fear
    Federation
    Feeding (食 - Shi)
    Feeling
    Fees
    Feet
    Feng Shui
    Fertility
    Fiction
    Field
    Field Grand Blad
    Fight
    Fight I
    Fighting
    Figure
    Fiilm
    Filipino
    Film
    Films
    Finchley
    Finger
    Fire
    Fire Power
    Firm
    First
    First Opium War (1839)
    Fist
    Fist Classic Victory Assured Record
    ‘Fist Frame’ (拳架-Quan Jia
    Fists
    Fitness
    Five
    Five Ancestors
    Five Elements
    Five Feet
    Five Phases
    Five Steps
    Flail
    Flat
    Fleet
    Flesh
    Flexible
    Flick
    Flicking
    Flight
    Float
    Floating
    Floor
    Florian Poupard
    Flow
    Flowers
    Fluid
    Fluidity
    Flying
    Flying (飞 - Fei)
    Fly Whisk
    Focus
    Folk
    Follow
    Following
    Food
    Foot
    Foot-law
    Foot Position
    Foot-print
    ‘foot’ Root (脚根 - Jiao Gen)
    Footwork
    Force
    Fore-head
    Foreign
    Foreigners
    Forest
    Forest Prayer
    Forests
    Forgive
    Form
    Forms
    Fortress
    Forward
    Forward Stance
    Foundation
    Foundations
    Four
    Fragrant
    Frame
    Frames
    France
    Frank Johnson 6th Dan
    Fraud
    Free
    Freed
    Freedom
    Free Fighting
    Free-flowing
    Free Hand
    Free Stance
    Free-standing
    Freeze
    Freezing
    French
    Frequency
    Frog
    Front
    Fujian
    Fujian Province
    Full
    Funakoshi Gichin
    Function
    Fung Ngan
    Fuqing
    Fu Ta Tsue
    Future
    Fuzhou
    Gael
    Gaelic
    Galatia
    Game
    Gam Mi
    Gang
    Gao (高)
    Gap
    Gate
    Gaul
    Ge-Dan
    Ge-Dan Bara-I
    Gedan Barai
    Ge-Dan Hara-I
    Gedan Harai
    Gee
    Gee Wyles
    Ge Hong (葛洪)
    Gekisai
    GekisaiDaichi
    Gekisaidaini
    Geksai
    Gene Ching
    General Qi Ji Guang
    Generation Qi
    Generations
    Genetic
    Genetic Diversity In Japan A Genetic Study
    Genetics
    Gentle
    Gentleness
    Genuine
    Genzi
    Geography
    George Andrews
    George Andrews 7th Dan
    George Kerr
    Gi
    Giant
    Giant Sword
    Gichin Funakoshi
    Gift
    Gifts
    Gillian
    Gillian Chang
    Gilt
    Gim
    Give Way
    Giving-up
    Giving-way
    Glastonbury
    Glastonbury Tor
    Glide
    Gloves
    Go
    Godan
    Go Genki
    Goju
    Goju Kai
    Goju Ryu
    Goju-Ryu
    Goju Ryu Karate Do
    Goju Ryu Karate-Do
    Goju-Ryu Karate-Do
    Goju Ryu (刚柔流)
    Go Ken Ki
    Gold
    Golden Belt
    Golden Rooster
    Gongfu
    Good
    Good Luck
    Goods
    Governing
    Governing Vessel
    Grabbing
    Grades
    Grading
    Gradings
    Grain
    Grandfather
    Grand Ridge-pole
    Grand Temple
    Grapple
    Grappling
    Grasp
    Grave
    Gravity
    Great Bear Cat
    Great Heat Wine
    Great Treatise
    Great Wall
    Great Way
    Greece
    Greed
    Greed#
    Greeks
    Grip
    Groin
    Ground
    Grove Road
    Gua
    Guan Dao
    Guangdong
    Guan Gong
    Guangzhou
    Guard
    Guest People
    Guide
    Guiding
    Guildford
    ​𠃌 (gun3)
    Guru
    Gwoon
    Gyaku Tsuki
    Gyaku Zuk
    Gypsy
    Hachinohe Citty
    Hads
    Hainan
    Hair
    Hairpins
    Hakka
    Hakka Chinese
    Hakka Gold
    Hakka Gongfu
    Hakkaku Hei-ho
    Hakka-Punti Clan Wars
    Hakka Warriors
    Halal
    Halberb
    Hall
    Halt
    Hammer
    Hamon
    Han
    Hand
    Hand-Blade (手刀
    Hands
    Hand-stand
    Han Dynasty
    Hang
    Hanyu
    Han (韩)
    Hara
    Harae
    Hara-Kiri
    Hard
    Hard Qigong
    Hardship
    Hard-Soft
    Harmonious
    Harmonious Way School
    Harmony
    Harsh
    Hatred
    Hawaii
    He
    Head
    Head Monk
    ‘head’ Root (顶根 - Ding Gen).
    Healing
    Health
    Heart
    Heart Meridian
    Heat
    Heaviness
    Heavy
    Heel
    Heian Period
    Height
    He Jinbao
    Help
    Henan
    Henrik Larson
    Herbs
    Hereford
    Hereford Leisure Centre
    Hereford Times
    Hermit
    Hexagram
    Hexagram 56
    Hidden
    Higaonna
    Higaonna Family
    Higaonna Kanryo
    Higaonna Kanryō
    Higaonna Morio
    Higaonna Onna
    Higaoona Kanryo
    High
    Hikers
    Hiking
    Hill Running
    Hills
    Hinge
    Hinton Community Centre
    Hinton Leisure Centre
    Hip
    Hip Twist
    Hiragana
    Hiroki Miyagi
    Hironori Otsuka (1892-1982)
    History
    Hitting
    Hojo
    Hokkian
    Hokkien
    Hold
    Holding
    Holding The Ball
    Holistic
    Hollow
    Home
    Honesty
    Hong Family Fist
    Hong Fist
    Hong Jia Quan
    Hong Kong
    Hong Quan
    Hongwu
    Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全)
    Honour Fight
    Hook
    Hope
    Horizontal
    Horns
    Horse
    Horses
    Horse Stance
    Horton Hospital
    Hot
    Hotel
    Hourglass
    Howard Johnson
    Hua Jin
    Hua-tou
    Hub
    Hubei
    Hucheng
    Hug
    Hui
    Humanity
    Humans
    Humour
    Hunan
    Hundred
    Hung Gar
    Hung Gar Kuen
    Hung Kuen
    Hunting
    Hunyuan
    Hunyuan Xingyi Taiji Gate (浑元形意太极门)
    Iaido
    I Ching
    Identical
    Identity
    Ideogram
    Ideograms
    Ideology
    Idiiom
    Ignorant
    Ill Health
    Illness
    Imagination
    Imdia
    Immigration Act 1948
    Immortal
    Impact
    Imperial
    Imperialism
    Imperial Japan
    Imperial Japanese
    Incense
    Inconsistent
    Increase
    India
    Indian
    Indian Yogi
    Indifference
    Indigenous
    Indo-China
    Indoor
    Inflated
    Influence
    Influencers
    Inheritance
    Inheritor
    Inhibit
    Injury
    Inner
    Inner Organs
    Inner Strength
    Inner Vision
    Inscription
    Insight
    Inspection
    Insult
    Insurance
    Intake
    Intangible
    Integrate
    Integrated
    Integration
    Integrity
    Intelligence
    Intensity
    Intent
    Intention
    Interaction
    Intercept
    Internal
    International
    Internet
    Interplay
    Intersperse
    Invasion
    Inverte
    Invisible
    IOGKF
    Ip Man (叶问 - Ye Wen)
    Iran
    Ireland
    Irish
    Iron
    Iron Fighting Wine
    Iron Ox
    Iron Vest
    Islam
    Islamic
    Island
    Jab
    Jade
    Japa
    Japan
    Japane
    Japanese
    Japanese Kanji
    Japanese Karate
    Jar
    Java
    Jaws Of Death
    Jeet Kune Do
    Jesuit
    Jet Li
    JG Ballard
    Jian
    Jiang Daochang
    Jiangxi
    Jiang Xuezhen
    ‘Jiao Lian’ (教练)
    Jia Wen
    Jimi Hendrix
    Jimmy H Woo
    Jimmy Woo
    ‘Jinan Shinzato’ (新里仁安).
    Jinan Shinzato (新里仁安)
    Jin Dynasty
    Jing
    Jing Nan
    Jing Wu
    'jing' [精
    ‘Jin Jing’ (晋京)
    Jin (劲4)
    Jin (金)
    Jitsu
    Jiu Jitsu
    Ji (吉)
    Jo-Dan
    Joe Fraser
    Jogging
    John Charles Oswald (1856-1900)
    Johnny Woo
    Joint
    Joints
    Joke
    Jomon
    Jorge Monteiro
    Journal
    Joy
    Ju
    Judging Official
    Judo
    Ju Jitsu
    Jujutsu
    Julius Ceasar
    Jump
    Jun
    June 9th
    Jun Tsuki
    Junzi
    Jun Zuki
    Justice
    Ka
    Kaiten
    Kai Yuan (开元)
    Kakazu Yoshimasa
    Kakeai
    Kake-Te'
    Kakete
    Kakie
    'Kakie' (カキエ)
    ‘Kakie’ (カキエ)
    Kaki-Ti'
    Kaku
    Kaku No Te
    ‘Kaku’ [か]
    Kame
    Kamiya Jinsei (神谷仁清)
    Ka Mon
    Kan
    Kanda
    Kang (康)
    Kanji
    Kanryo
    'Kao Ji' (靠基)
    Kara-Te
    Karate
    Karate Do
    Karate-Do
    Karate-Do Committee
    ‘Karate-Do – How To Enjoy Practice’
    Karate-Do (空手道)
    Karate-Dp
    Karate-Jitsu
    Kasturen Castle
    Kata
    Katakana
    Katana
    Katas
    Keijia
    Kelt
    Keltoi
    Kendo
    Kenjutsu
    Kenryo
    Kevin Chaplin
    Khan
    Khufu
    Ki
    Ki-ai
    Kibg
    Kick
    Kick-bag
    Kick-boxing
    Kicking
    Kicking Power
    Kill
    Killick House
    Killing
    Kilt
    Kime
    Kind
    King
    Kingai-Ryu
    King Arthur
    Kingston-Upon-Thames
    King Wah
    Kinjo Kanemori (金城兼盛)
    Kite
    KMT
    Knee
    Knee-pads
    Knees
    Knife
    Knives
    Knocked
    Knockout
    Know
    Knowing
    Knowledge
    Knowledgeable
    Knuckle
    KO
    'koa-kui' Or 'khoa-kui'
    Kobayashi Ryu
    Kobudo
    Kobujutsun
    Komeikan
    Kong
    Kong Fuzi
    Kongoken'
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    Lin Dachong’ (林达崇)
    Line
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    Lin Jingfeng (林竞峰) [1947-2018]
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    #london
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    Master Xu Yun
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    Mat
    Matayoshi Shinpou (又吉真豊)
    Material
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    Mawashi Uke
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    May23rd
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    MAZIAR KEBAT
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    ‘Miyagi Anichi’ [宮城安一] (1931-2009)
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    ​Miyagi Chojun (宫城长顺)
    Miyagi Chojun (宫城长顺)
    Miyagi Chosho
    Miyagi Takashi
    Miyagi Takashi (1951)
    Miyagi Takashi [宮城敬]
    Miyagi Takashi [宮城敬]
    Miyagi Toru
    ‘Miyazato Eiichi’ [宮里栄] (1922-1999).
    Mma
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    Modernity
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    ​Mr. Motobu [本部]
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    Nakamura Tetsuji Ernie Molyneux Henrik Larson Yamashiro Katsuya Jorge Monteiro
    Naked
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    Notion
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    Pair
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    Paper
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    Patch
    Path
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    Payment
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    Pelvipelvic-girdle
    Pen
    Penetrate
    Penis
    People's Daily
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    Perception
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    Perfect
    Perfection
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    Permission
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    Pheonix Eye Strike
    Philippines
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    Photographs
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    Quanzhou
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    Range
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    Rape Of Beijing
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    Reality
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    Reason
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    Rebounding
    Receive
    Recognition
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    Redhill
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    Redirect
    Reference
    Refine
    Reflection
    Reflex
    Regulation
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    Rein
    Reject
    Rejected
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    Relaxation
    Relaxation’ (弛 - Chi)
    Relaxed
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    Removal
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    Resolution
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    Restore
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    Retreive
    Retrieve
    Revenge
    Reverse
    Revised
    Revolutionary
    Revolve
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    Rice Fields
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    Richard Hunn
    Rickshaw
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    Ridicule
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    Right
    Righteous
    Right-hook
    Rightness
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    ‘rigid’ (刚 - Gang)
    Rinan’ (日南)
    Ring
    Rip
    Rise
    Rising
    Ritsumeikan University
    Ritsumei University
    Ritual
    Ritual Dance
    River
    Road
    Robber
    Robust
    Rock
    Rock-climbing
    ROK
    Roll
    Rolled
    Roman
    Romans
    Romany
    Roof-tile
    Root
    Rooted
    Rootedness
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    Ross Road
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    Rou
    Round
    Rounded
    Rounded Joints
    Round House
    Round-house
    Round-kick
    Rou Shu
    Royalty
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    Rule
    Run
    Running
    Ru Ru Ge
    Ru Ru Ko
    RU-RU-KO
    Russia
    Russian
    Ru Tu Ge
    Ryu
    Ryuei Ryu
    Ryu Kyu
    Ryukyu
    ‘Ryukyu Fist Law Tang Hand Way Historical Developmental Overview’ (琉球拳法唐手道沿革概要 - Liu Qiu Quan Fa Tang Shou Dao Yan Ge Gai Yao).
    Ryu Kyu Islands
    Ryu Ryu Ko
    Saba
    Sabot
    Sabotage
    Sacrifical Vessel
    Sacrifice
    Saddle
    Safe
    Sai
    Saifa
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    Sanchin
    Sanchin Kata
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    Sanda
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    'San Zhan' (三战)
    SAR
    SAS
    Sashes
    Savate
    Scale
    Scapegoating
    Scattered
    Scholar
    Scholars
    School
    Science
    Science Advances
    Scott Hut
    Scout Hut
    Scraps
    Script
    Scroll
    Scts
    Sea
    Sea-bed
    Seal
    Seal Script
    Secrecy
    Section
    Secure
    Seeing
    Seipa
    Seipai
    Seisan
    Seize
    Self-cultivation
    Self-defence
    Self-development
    Self-serving
    Sell
    Seminar
    Senaka No Kitae
    Sensei
    Sensei Alan Bound
    Sensei Kimura Shigera
    Senshi
    Sensie Kimura Shigeru
    Sensitivity
    Sentence
    Sepai
    Sequence
    Seres
    Servants
    Set
    Settle
    Settlement
    Seunchin
    Severe
    Shaft
    Shake
    Shaking
    ‘shaking’ (摇 Yao)
    ‘shaking’ (摇 - Yao)
    Shallow
    Shaman
    Shan
    Shandong
    Shang
    Shang Dynasty
    Shanghai
    Shanghai Karate Kobudo Bozheng
    Shanghai Wushu Association
    Shang Heng
    Shaolin
    ‘Shaolin Five Ancestor Fist’ (少林五祖拳 - Shao Lin Wu Zu Quan)
    Shaolin Temple
    Shaolin (少林)
    Shape
    Sharp
    Shatter
    Shen
    Shen Shanxi
    ‘Shen’ (慎)
    Shen (慎)
    Shen (沈)
    Shi Fa
    Shift
    Shifting
    Shifu
    Shifu (師父)
    Shi Gong
    Shi Jiaming (石佳明)
    Shiko
    Shi Mingyu’ (释明余)
    Shinto
    Shipping
    Ships
    Shipwrecks
    Shito Ryu
    Shito Ryu (系东流)
    Shi Xingzheng
    Shoichin
    Shop
    Shorinji Kempo
    Shorin Ryu
    Short
    Short-Form
    Short-sword
    Sho Shin
    Shotokan
    Shotokan Ryu (松涛馆流的)
    Shou
    Shoulder
    Shout
    Showa
    Shu
    Shuang Jie Gun
    ​Shuang (双)
    Shuffle
    Shuijing
    Shu Jing
    Shukokai
    Shukokai Karate
    Shuri
    Shuriken
    Shuri Ryu
    Shuri Te
    Shuri-Te
    Si
    Siam
    Sichuan
    Sickle
    Siddalls Gardens
    Side
    Signatute
    Signed
    Silence
    Silk
    Sil Long
    Silver
    Simplicuty
    Singing
    Singing (鸣 - Ming)
    Single
    Single-edge
    Single Whip
    Sink
    Sino Japanese War
    Sino-Japanese War
    Situation
    Six Feet
    Six Lines
    SKF
    Skiing
    Skill
    Skin
    Skinning
    Skull
    Sky
    Slam
    Slap
    Slaves
    Sleep
    Slender
    Slice
    Slide
    Slip
    Slips
    Slither
    Slow
    Small
    Small Holding
    Smash
    Smith
    Smoking Pipe
    Smooth
    Snake
    Snake Creeps Down
    Snakes
    SNCO
    Sniper
    Sniping
    Snow
    Social
    Socialism
    Society
    Sō Dōshin (宗道臣) [1911-1980]
    Soft
    Soft Art
    Solar
    Solar Plexus
    Soldiers
    Sole
    Solid
    Solidity
    Son
    Song (宋) And Zhou (周)
    Soul
    Sound
    Source
    South
    South Africa
    South China
    South China Sea
    South-East
    Southern
    Southern Boat
    Southern Fist
    Southern Gongfu
    Southern Karate-do Wado-Kai
    Southern Karate Do Wado Ryu
    Southern Karate-Do Wado Ryu
    Southern Shaolin
    South London
    South Paw
    Sovereign Leisure Centre
    Space
    Spain
    Sparring
    Speak
    Spear
    Special
    Spedd
    Speed
    Spindle
    Spine
    Spinning
    Spiral
    Spirit
    Spiritual
    Spirituality
    Spiritual Laziness
    Split
    Sport
    Sport Karate
    Sports
    Spped
    Spread
    Spring And Autumn
    Spring-loaded
    Spy
    Spying
    Square
    Squat Kicks
    Squat-kicks
    Squatting
    Stab
    Stabbing
    Stabce
    Stability
    Stable
    Staff
    Stake
    St Albans Road
    Stam
    Stamina
    Stamp
    Stance
    Stance Syability
    Standing
    Stand Up
    Star
    Start
    State
    Statue
    Steal
    Stealth
    Steel Wire
    Stele
    Step
    Step-Law
    Steppe
    Stick
    Sticks
    Sticky-hand
    Sticky-Hands
    Stiffness
    Stifle
    Still
    Still Mind
    Stillness
    Stirrups
    Stocism
    Stone
    Stoneleigh
    Stop
    Storms
    St Petersburg
    Straight
    Straight Long Sword
    Straits
    Straw
    Stream
    Street
    Strength
    Strengthen
    Strengthening
    Stretch
    Strict
    Strike
    Strikes
    Striking
    Striking Post
    Strong
    Structure
    Structures
    Student
    Study
    Stunned
    Stupidity
    Style
    Style Frame
    Stylised
    Subdue
    Submission
    Success
    Sue-Ling
    Su Feng
    Sui
    Suicide
    Sui Dynasty
    Sui Po
    Summer
    Sumo
    Sun
    Sunday
    Sunzi
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    Suparinpei Kata
    Superficial
    Supplement
    Support
    Suppress
    Suprise
    Surangama Sutra
    Surface
    Surgery
    Suri-Ashi
    Sur-Ling
    Surname
    Surnames
    Surrey
    Survival
    Suspend
    Sutra
    Sutton
    Sutton District \School
    Su Yinghan
    Suzuki
    Swamps
    Sway
    Swaying
    Sweat
    Sweating Ox
    Swing
    Switch
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    Sword
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    Symposium
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    System
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    Tai Chi Magazine
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    Taijiquan
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    Tai Sabaki
    Taiwan
    Taiyi
    Taizu
    Taji Sword
    Take-Away
    Talent
    Tamar
    Tameshigiri (試し切り)
    Tan
    Tang
    Tang Dou
    Tang Dynasty
    Tang Hand
    ‘Tang Hand’ (唐手 - Tang Shou).
    Tang Lixian
    Tang Quan’ (唐拳)
    Tang Rong
    Tang Shou
    Tang Ying
    Tao (陶)
    Tap
    Target
    Tartan
    Tatami
    TCM
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    Tea
    Teacher
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    Teaching
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    Technique
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    Telegraph
    Temple
    Temples
    Tendon
    Tendons
    Tense
    Tenshin Ryu
    Tenshin Ryu (天心流) War Of Art (兵法)
    Tensho
    Tensho' (转掌 - Zhan Zhuan)
    Tension
    Terms
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    Texts
    Thai Boxing
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    The Fujian 'Tang Shou' Karate-Do Association
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    Thigh
    Thinking
    Third Ear
    Third-Eye
    Thought
    Thousand
    Thrash
    Threads
    Three
    Three Battles
    Thresh
    Through
    Through Back
    Throw
    Throwing
    Thrust
    Thug
    Tian
    Tian (田)
    Tibet
    Tied
    Tiger
    Tiger Mouth
    Tiger-Mouth
    TikTok
    Time
    Timing
    Tip
    Tissue
    Title
    Titles
    Tiverton
    Tokizawa Yahei
    Tokuda Yasuharu (徳田安文)
    Tokugawa Shogunate
    Tokyo
    Tomari-te
    Tomb
    Tom Beardsley
    Tomb Stones
    Tommy Hearns
    Tom Newham
    Tong
    Tongbai
    Tong Bei
    Tongbei
    Tongliang
    Tony Smith
    Tony Smith 5th Dan
    Top
    Topple
    Tori-Te
    Toro Gushi Uke
    Torque
    Torrent
    Torso
    Torture
    Toshio Tsukamoto
    Totem
    Touch
    Tough
    Toughen
    Trade
    Tradition
    Traditional
    Traditional Karate
    Train
    Training
    Training Hall
    Training Hall China
    Train Station
    Tranquil
    Tranquillity
    Transcend
    Transform
    Transformation
    Transition
    Translate
    Translation
    Transliteration
    Transmission
    Transmit
    Transmitting
    ‘Transmitting Brilliance Training Hall’ (講明館 - Ko Mei Kan).
    Transport
    Trap
    Travel
    Treasure
    Tree
    Trees
    Tremble
    ‘tremble’ (抖 - Dou)
    Tribes
    Tribute
    Trident
    Trigram
    Trip
    Triple Gem
    Tripping
    Truncheon
    Truth
    Tsim Sha Tsui
    Tsuki
    Tsuru
    Tumble
    Turkic
    Turn
    Turning
    Turning-about
    Turning Palm
    TV
    Twenty-Eight Perches’ (鸣鹤拳二十八宿 - Ming He Quan Er Shi Ba Su
    Twin
    Twist
    Two
    Two-finger Ch'an
    Tyranny
    Ueshiba Kisshōmaru
    Ueshiba Morihei
    UFC
    UK
    Uke
    Umbrella
    UN
    Unarmed
    Unarmed Combat
    Unconsciousness
    Under-cut
    Understan
    Understand
    Understanding
    Undo
    Unequal Treaties
    Unified
    Unity
    Universal Kata Number 1 & 2
    Universe
    Upanishads
    Upper
    Upper Block
    Upper Body
    Upper-cut
    Uprisings
    Urban
    Urn
    Urumqi
    US
    USA
    US Cold War
    US Imperialism
    US Racism
    Valued
    VCD
    Vegetarian
    ‘Venerable Xiao’
    Vertical
    Vessel
    Vessels
    Vibrant
    Vibrating
    Victoria Harbour
    Vid
    Video
    Vietnam
    Vigour
    Village
    Villages
    Vimalakirti
    Vinaya
    Vintage
    Violence
    Virgin Gym - Abbey Mills
    Virtue
    Vision
    Visit
    Vital Force
    Void
    Vol. 32
    Wado Kai
    Wado-Kai
    Wado Ryu
    Wado Ryu (和道流)
    Waidan
    Waigong
    Wai Kru
    Waist
    ‘waist’ Root (腰根 - Yao Gen)
    Wakizashi
    Wales
    Walking
    Wall
    Wanderers
    Wang Biandou
    Wang Changhai (王长海)
    Wang Maozhai
    Wang Meng
    ‘Wang Qingmin’ (王庆民)
    Wang Shi’an’ (王士庵)
    Wang Xiangui
    Wang Zhiying (王子英).
    Wang (王)
    War
    War Crimes
    Warfare
    Warm
    War Man Way
    Warm-up
    Warp
    Warring States
    Warrior
    Warrior-monks
    Warriors
    Wars
    Water
    Water Margin
    Wave
    Way
    Wayfarer Publication
    Way Of Harmony
    Way Of Peace
    Way Of The Warrior
    Weakness
    Weapon
    Weaponised
    Weaponry
    Weapons
    Weather
    Weave
    Weaving
    Website
    Weft
    Weight
    Weighted
    Weighted Ruck Sack
    Weightlifting
    Weight Training
    Wei Ke Da)
    Wei (魏)
    Weng Xinhui
    Weng (翁)
    West
    Western
    Westerners
    Western Han
    Western Technology
    West Lake Public Park
    Wheels
    White
    White Crane
    White Crane Fist
    White Horse Lake
    White Silk Seal
    Whole
    Whooping
    Whooping Crane Fist
    ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ (鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan)
    Wide Stance
    Width
    Wijiaoteng Village
    Wikipedia
    Wild
    Will
    Wind
    Wine
    Wing Chun
    Wings
    Wisdom
    Wise
    Withstand
    Wivers
    Wobble
    WOII
    Wolves
    Woman
    Women
    Wonder
    Wong Tai Sin
    Wood
    World
    Wounds
    Wrapping Silk
    Wrestling
    Wrist
    Writing Brush'
    Wsom
    Wu
    Wudang
    Wudang Internal Family Fist Law’ (武当内家拳法)
    Wudang Mountain Geological Museum (武当山地质博物馆)
    Wudang Mountain Special Zone Planning Hall (武当山特区规划馆)
    Wudang (武当)
    Wu Qin Yi
    Wu Shi Dao
    Wu Shu
    Wushu
    WuShu]Gongfu
    Wu Weiyang (武维扬)
    Wu Xiangui
    Wu Xiangui [伍賢貴] (1886 1940)
    Wu Xiangui [伍賢貴] (1886-1940)
    Wu Xiangui (呉賢貴)
    Wu (伍)
    Wu (吴)
    Wu (吴)
    Wu (武)
    Wu (邬)
    WWII
    Wyles
    Xia Dynasty
    Xiamen
    Xiang'an District
    Xiangding
    Xiang (向)
    Xiao Dingpei (肖定沛)
    Xiao Shuide (萧铄德)
    Xiao Yujun (小鱼君)
    Xiaozi
    Xie Chongxiang
    Xie Chongxiang (謝崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang (谢崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang’ (谢崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang’ [谢崇祥]
    Xie Congxiang
    Xie Ru Ru
    Xie Ruru
    Xie Ru Ru’ (谢如如)
    Xie Ruru (谢如如)
    Xie Zongxiang
    Xie Zongxiang’ (谢宗祥)
    ‘Xie Zunshi’ (谢尊志)
    Xingyi
    Xingyiquan
    Xinhua
    Xining
    Xinjiang
    Xi Yang Zhang
    Xu Lanyu (徐兰雨)
    Xu Xiaodong (徐晓冬)
    Xu (许)
    Yagi Akitoku
    Yagi Akitoku (1952)
    Yagi Akitoku [八木明德] (1912 2003)
    Yagi Akitoku [八木明德] (1912-2003)
    Yamaguchi Gichin
    ‘Yamaguchi Gogen’
    Yamaguchi Gogen
    ‘Yamaguchi Minoru’ {山口實実)
    Yamamoto Atsuyuki
    Yamamoto Kagura
    Yamashiro Katsuya
    Yamashiro Yoshitomo
    Yang
    Yang Style
    'Yan Mengyong' (严孟永)
    Yanqing
    Yanzhou
    Yan (颜)
    Yasuke
    Yau
    ‘Ye Jianan’ (叶建安)
    Yellow Emperor
    Yi
    Yield
    Yijing
    Yijing Jing
    Yin
    Yin Bagua Zhang
    Yin Fu
    Ying (英)
    Yin-tang
    Yin-yang
    Yin (尹)
    Yisang
    ‘Yi’ (意
    Yongchun
    Yongquan
    Yongzheng Emperor
    Yoshihara
    Yoshitaka Inokuma (猪熊佳孝)
    YouKu
    Young
    Youth
    Youth Centre 21
    Youthful Folly
    Yuan Dynasty
    Yu Baoyan (余宝炎)
    Yu Danqiu (余丹秋)
    Yuika Tokashiki (渡嘉敷唯贤​)
    Yu (俞)
    Zagong
    Zen
    Zen At War
    Zeng Si
    Zhaihui
    Zhang Huqin (张虎勤)
    Zhang Sanfeng
    Zhang (张) And Li (李)
    Zhao Ming Wang
    Zheng Li’ (郑礼)
    Zheng (郑)
    Zhenru Temple
    'Zhiyuan' (智远)
    Zhou Dynasty
    Zhou (周)
    Zhuang-Dong (壮侗)
    Zhuanzhuang
    Zhuhai
    Zhu Yuanzhang’ (朱元璋)
    Zodiac
    Zong (宗)
    Zoom
    ‘Zou Zongtang’ (左宗棠)
    Zuki
    Клуб Годзю-рю каратэ Тори
    Сенсеем Богданом Курилко
    تای چی راه بی پایان
    مازیار کتابت
    おおたち
    ‘か’ (Kaku
    かい
    かきえ
    カキエ
    カキエ
    カキエー
    かきえ = Kakie
    カキテ = Kakite
    カキティ
    カキディ
    カケテ
    かけで
    かけて = Kakete
    き(ki)
    コウキ
    ‘ず’ (Zu)
    そほうか
    'チ' (Chi)
    ‘つる’ (Tsuru)
    はら
    ふたつえ
    ぶん
    ムチミ
    ルールーコウ
    ​一 (yi1)
    一拳必殺
    一百零八手 (Yi Bai Ling Ba Shou) = Suparinpei
    三十六手
    三十六手 (San Shi Liu Shou) = Sanseru
    三战
    (三战 San Zhan)
    (三战 - San Zhan)
    三战等 (San Zhan) = Sanchin
    三戦
    三议妙 - San Yi Miao
    下丹田 - Xia Dan Tian
    下段払い
    下段払い
    丘
    东恩纳宽用
    东恩纳盛男先生
    丹田
    (丹田 - Dan Tian)
    ​丿(yi4)
    久留顿破
    久留顿破 (Jiu Liu Dun Po) = Kururunfa
    久米
    乱捕り
    予備運動 - Yo Bi Un Do
    二十八宿
    五祖
    五行
    仲井真元楷)
    传统武术
    体捌き
    修交会
    儿 - 儿 - コ
    內 - Nei
    內經
    八极拳
    八门五步 - Ba Men Wu Bu)
    '八闽' (Ba Min)
    公
    六机手
    六机手
    六机手 (Liu Ju Shou) = Rokuki
    '关元' (Guan Yuan)
    兵法
    内 - Nei
    (内功 - Neigong)
    内外合一 - Nei Wai He Ye
    决定
    凡 (fan2)
    击碎
    击碎
    击碎第一
    击碎第一
    击碎第三
    击碎第二
    击碎第二
    刀
    分解
    刘氏
    刚柔流
    刚柔流空手道
    制引战 (Zhi Yin Zhan) = Seiyunchin
    制引戦
    剑 - Jian
    剛
    剛柔体操 - Go Ju Tai Misao)
    剛柔流空手道
    劉衛流
    劉龍公
    '劍‘ (jian4)
    力手元!
    功夫散手
    ‘勿’ (wu4)
    北蛇拳
    十三手
    十三手 (Shi San Shou) = Seisan
    十八手
    十八手
    十八手 (Shi Ba Shou) = Seipai
    南少林拳法
    南拳
    南拳
    (南拳 - Nan Quan)
    南拳 - Nan Quan
    南船北马
    卦
    印掌 (Yin Zhang)
    又 (you4)
    又吉真豊直伝白鶴兵法三段の形
    双截棍)
    双蝶掌
    双风贯耳
    取手
    受
    受 (shou4)
    古田教案
    '合' (He2)!
    合氣道
    吉原 - Ji Yuan
    吕紫剑]
    吳賢貴
    吴贤贵
    吴贤贵
    呉賢貴
    (和道流)
    咏春拳
    唐
    唐手
    唐手
    唐手 - Tang Shou
    唐朵
    唐榮)
    唐營
    唐禮賢
    唐营
    囍
    四向战
    四向战 (Si Xiang Zhan) = Shisochin
    回転
    (地术拳 - Di Shu Quan)
    ‘型’ (xing2)
    壹百零八手
    外 - Wai
    外 - Wai
    大太刀
    大暍酒
    大熊猫
    天回医学竹简
    太庙 - Tai Miao
    太极拳
    太極拳經
    太祖
    '套' (Tao)
    如如哥
    孔
    客家武术
    宫城安一
    宫城長祥
    宮城敬
    宮城敬
    [宮城敬]
    宮城 長順
    寛量
    導引
    少林拳 - Shaolin Quan
    少林罗汉拳 - Shao Lin Luo Han Quan
    巛 (chuan1)
    巠 (jing1)
    工 (gong1)
    师公
    幕阜山 - Mu Fu Shan
    ‘干’ (gan1)
    (庚子
    張三丰
    彌助
    '形' (Xing)
    形 - Xing
    形 - Xing
    ‘形’ (xing2)
    形意
    形象 - Xian Xiang
    忍者
    慎善熙
    慎善熙
    慎善熙 (Shen Shanxi)
    戚繼光
    截拳道
    '手' (shou3)
    手为先锋 (Shou Wei Xianfeng)
    拳
    '拳' (quan2)
    拳击爱好
    拳打六路 (Quan Da Liulu)
    拳经捷要篇
    掛 (gua4) 手 (shou3)
    掛け合い
    掛け手 (Ka Ke Te)
    掛手
    掛手
    (推手 - Tui Shou)
    握瓮 – Nigiri-Game
    搂子
    '摩' (mo2)
    撃砕
    擒拿
    攻防一体虎口廻受
    ‘教士’ (Jiao Shi)
    斋会
    新垣隆功
    方孔 - Fang Kong
    ‘日‘ (ri4)
    明手暗腿
    易筋經
    易經
    晰阳掌
    書經
    曾四
    東恩納 寛量'
    東恩納寬量
    林
    林伟功)
    林达崇
    林达崇
    架 - Jia
    柔
    柔 - Rou)
    柔術
    查拳
    梦斌
    植芝 吉祥丸
    植芝 盛平
    步法
    步法-Suri-Ashi
    武
    武备志’
    (武备志 - Wu Bei Zhi)
    武道
    段
    气 - Qi
    气功
    氣
    氣
    氣功
    永光
    永春
    決め
    沖縄
    泥丸宫 - Ni Wan Gong
    洪家拳
    洪拳
    浑元
    涌泉
    清定
    清定
    湖城
    潘嶼八
    炀
    爪 (zhao3)
    (狗拳 - Gou Quan)
    '狮'
    王扁豆
    王茂斋
    琉求’ (Liuqiu)
    琉球
    琉球 - Liu Qiu
    甕
    白鶴
    白鶴拳
    白鹤
    白鹤拳
    白鹤拳
    白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan
    白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan)
    百步神拳 (Bai Bu Shan Quan)
    盘屿
    (盘屿八)
    着
    知花朝信
    '石' (shi2).
    破門
    硬气功 - Ying Qi Gong
    硬氣功
    碎破
    碎破 (Sui Po) = Saifa
    祓
    神
    神
    '神' (Shen)
    神象 - Shen Xiang)
    禊
    福建白鶴拳
    秦
    空手
    空手 - Kong Shou
    突 (tu)
    '站桩' (Zhan Zhuang)
    竞楠
    '粵' Yue
    精
    精
    素封
    組手
    缠丝劲
    罗汉拳
    罗汉拳
    罗汉拳 - Luo Han Quan
    羅漢十八摩
    羅漢拳
    羅漢拳
    義和拳
    翁信辉)
    脚为帅 (Jiao Wei Shuai)
    脚踢八方 (Jiao Tī Bafang)
    茂木村
    萧和尚 - Xiao He Shang
    蒋雪珍
    虎口受け
    虚云大师
    ‘蜴’ (yi4)
    螳螂拳
    衛克達
    補助
    西湖公园
    西貢
    詠春
    講明館
    謝如如
    謝宗祥
    謝崇祥
    谢如如
    谢如如
    谢崇祥
    谢崇祥
    贤亮
    (足 - Ashi)
    跌打酒
    転掌
    轉掌
    转掌
    追 い 突 き
    逆 (ni4)
    逆突き
    ) 透劲 (Tou Jin)
    通背
    通背
    運動
    道
    那覇手
    那霸手
    '邱
    释行正
    野太刀
    ‘金剛圈’ (Jin Gang Quan)
    ‘金城 敬章’ - ‘Kinjo Hiroaki’
    釵
    錬士
    ‘錬士’ (Ren Shi)
    鎚石
    铁斗酒
    铁牛
    長拳
    闽
    '闽' (Min)
    陳
    陳
    陳天生
    陳家
    隋書 - Sui Shu
    隔山打牛 (Ge Shan Da Niu)
    隔空打人 (Ge Kong Jin Ren)
    雜功
    面子
    '順' (shun4)
    風け合い
    風水
    馬步
    高手’ (Gao Shou)
    鳴鶴拳
    '鶴' (he4)
    鶴 (he4)
    鶴の手
    鶴の手
    鸣鹤拳
    鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan
    鹤仙 - He Xian
    鹤巢寺
    鹤拳- He Quan)
    黃初平
    點穴
    點脈

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