CH'AN DAO MARTIAL ARTS ASSOCIATION (禅道武术协会)
  • About
    • Hakka Gongfu Defined
    • Confucian Lineage
    • Membership
    • Traditional Levels of Attainment
    • CDMAA Badge
    • Aims & Objectives
    • Contact
  • Introduction
    • Hakka Martial History
    • Ven. Heng Lin (1865-1923)
    • Ven. Miao Xing (1891-1927)
    • Ven. Shi De Chan (1907-1993)
    • Rare Photographs of the Shaolin Temple before it was Destroyed in 1928
    • Why the Shaolin Temple was Burned in 1928
    • Documentation of Secret and Authentic Shaolin Martial Arts
    • Iron Groin Training
    • Some Traditional Hakka Gongfu Attitudes and Ideas
    • Li Hakka Style Martial Arts
    • Islamic Shaolin
    • Hui Islamic Yongjian Martial Arts
    • Uncertainty as Sunyata (Buddhist Emptiness)
    • Yang Zheng Ji’s Signed Taijiquan Book
    • Hakka Triple Unity Fist (三合拳 – San He Quan)
    • Hakka Gongfu: Iron Ox Cultivates Land (鉄牛耕地)
    • Hakka Internal Kicking is a Practical Science
    • Published Articles
  • Grand Master Chan Tin Sang
    • Training Hall Code
    • Statement of Martial Equality in Training
    • Ch'an Dao Bag Work
    • Taijiquan Horse Stance Training
    • Gongfu Horse Stance Training
    • Taijiquan: Snake Creeps Down
    • Master Xu Yun & Martial Arts
    • Master Du Xinwu (1869-1953)
    • Master Xu Shiyou (1905-1985)
    • Ho Chi Minh & Taijiquan
    • The Democratisation (and Praxis) of Martial Arts in New China
    • Banana Village (香蕉村)
    • The Greek Boxer at Rest
    • Translations
  • Shaolin 'Yonghua' Hall
    • Lineage - Old & New
    • Longfist Youth Boxing (青年季)!
    • Southern Shaolin Temple
    • Folk Gongfu
    • Empty Force (?)
    • Ryukyu Karate-Do
    • Fujian (Hakka) Grand Ancestor Fist
    • ‘Gedan Barai’ or ‘Gedan Hara’?
    • Miyagi Chojun - Biography
    • Gongfu Essentials
    • ‘Tong Bei’ (通背) Concept!
    • Heavy Bag Work
    • Blog (釋大道)
  • Ch'an Dao Temple
  • Members' Area
    • Syllabus

Video: Chinese Gongfu in Benin [Africa]! (15.5.2025)

5/14/2025

0 Comments

 
Mr Charles Johnson - a gongfu Master from the US - forwarded this excellent video of a Shaolin martial arts master teaching in a school he single-handedly established in Benin - a country in West Africa. There is a core Shaolin Temple in Henan with a limited population of Buddhist monastics who strictly pursue Caodong Ch'an meditation and strict gongfu practices. Interaction with the general public is limited and strictly regulated. Around the original Shaolin Temple are many Shaolin Temple Colleges - which are designed to teach the laity - some of whom may assume the role of a monk in special circumstances. Perhaps the proper term is "lay-monk" - bearing in mind that all monks are not priests in the Western sense - as all monks within Christianity are "Brothers" or lay-people who reject the norms of lay-life. A lay-person who partially follows the monastic life in the Benedictine tradition is termed an "oblate" - such a person may still live in the lay-world but visit the monastery on a daily basis to assist the monks within. A similar situation exists in the Franciscan tradition - with their (Third Order) lay-brothers. Any layman or woman within Buddhism can voluntarily decide to follow the Monkish rules of the Vinaya Discipline - and where a monastic robe where required (this is a tradition in China arising out of the Confucian tradition) - although within certain Buddhist Orders some type of official permission is required. What we see above is a pure and pristine character whose mindful use of logic and reason can be clearly seen in the physical environment - particularly in the cleanliness of the school and the mind-body discipline of his students. Remember, a Buddhist monastic is a very well-educated and disciplined "Beggar" who venerates the Buddha by cutting-off the greed, hatred, and delusion that dictates the patterns of the ordinary world. The monk is not to be venerated by the public as such - although the laity often do show a considerable degree of respect  Monks should be wise and yet humble - like the dust! From this attitude - a new inner and outer world can be constructed.
0 Comments

Japanese Koshinage (腰投げ) Analysis! (8.9.2023)

9/8/2023

0 Comments

 
This Japanese technique is written using two Chinese and one Japanese ideogram - with all three ideograms being routinely used in the Japanese written language - and two ideograms ('1' and '2') being used in the Chinese written language:
​腰 - Japanese - Koshi (Chinese: yao1) = waist, hips and midsection
​投 - Japanese - Na (Chinese: tou2) = throw, blend, redirect and reject
​げ - Japanese - Ge = down, low, depth and ground
​Interestingly, with regards the ideogram '腰' (Koshi) - both the Japanese and Chinese language dictionaries give an identical (and exact) physical location. Therefore, 'Koshi' represents the 'waist' (or the anatomical 'space' between the hips) situated toward the front of the body - whilst the back of the body corresponds 'Koshi' to the 'small of the back' or the 'lumbar' region. Although neither dictionary mentions the centre of gravity of the body - or the 'lower dantian' (both situated three-inches below the naval) it seems clear that such a 'special' area is implied. I think this assumption receives support as 'Koshi' is also used to refer to the 'kidney' area - perhaps slightly higher than the lumbar a 'cold' area significant within traditional Japanese and Chinese medicine. 
Although 腰 (yao1) is prevalent within Chinese martial arts (used to counter an opponent through penetrating their technique, blending with it and redirecting it) - 'Koshinage (腰投げ)' is a 'distinct' Japanese physical interpretation not found in China. When the Chinese government took Sō Dōshin (宗道臣) [1911-1980] to a Japanese Court in the early 1970s (an event covered in one of Donn F. Draeger's books on 'Modern Budo') - part of the evidence accepted by this Court that his style of 'Shorinji Kempo' ('Shaolin Gongfu') was NOT of Chinese origin - is that nearly all of its techniques include 'Koshinage' (the BBC chose to omit this Court verdict in its 1980 'Way of Warrior' series). Cooperation of this type is a Japanese cultural development - and is not found in China's traditional arts - even though the concept is present (and used in a different manner). However, I would note that the use of squat-kicks is found in Chinese arts and are used in exactly the same manner as this documentary suggests - although our Hakka style places a great deal on toughening the legs to take continuous impact (similar to Muay Thai fighters in Thailand) and keep effectively moving. The only Karate-Do style I have encountered that has squat-kicks is Goju Ryu. 
0 Comments

Email: Incense Shop Fist (香店拳 - Xiang Dian Quan) [7.11.2022]

11/7/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Xiangdian Fist Master today is 'Yan Mengyong' (严孟永) [b. 1950]
Dear Tony
​The Chinese language description states that Seisan Kata derives from a 'Form' found within the 'Incense Shop Fist' (香店拳 - Xiang Dian Quan) Style. Xiangdian is a district in Fuzhou City, Fujian province. This is one of the thousands of lineages completely uneffected by the political changes in China - and which has been falsely recorded in the West as 'being wiped out', etc. This is the Chinese language encyclopaedia page:
香店拳
​'香店拳源于清乾隆年间。南少林武僧智远为报香店人救命之恩,在此密传罗汉拳,隐名为“香店拳”。后经香店历代拳师吸取各派精华,形成了独特的香店拳,并流传于海内外。 [4]  香店拳是内外合一、硬气功兼练的技法拳种,分上、中、下三盘,善于短打近攻。武术套路有硬三战、三战等十多种套路,甚为独特。'
​'Incense Shop Fist (香店拳 - Xiang Dian Quan) originated during the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty (1735-1796). The Southern Shaolin Temple Warrior-Monk named 'Zhiyuan' (智远) - in order to save the lives of the people living in the 'Xiangdian' area of Fuzhou City - secretly conveyed to them the techniques retained within the Shaolin gongfu Style known as Luohan Fist (罗汉拳 - Luo Han Quan). As he wanted to keep this interaction 'secret' - Zhiyuan referred to this Style as being called 'Xiangdian Fist' - giving the impression it was a local form of fighting already known by the people. As time progressed, however, Zhiyuan integrated (and absorbed) the essence of many other (different) gongfu arts and slowly the 'Xiangdian Fist' started to evolve - becoming very different from Luohan Fist. The effectiveness of this Style became famous and it was spread throughout China and abroad. Xiangdian Fist incorporates the unity of the 'internal' and 'external' (内外合一 - Nei Wai He Ye) and 'firm' qigong (硬气功 - Ying Qi Gong), etc. All this ability is manifested simultaneously in the mind and body of an advanced practitioner. The opponent is peppered with close-in and short-range (very powerful) techniques delivered to the continuously varying heights of high, middle and low. There are at least ten different and unique 'Forms' - including a 'firm' (hard) version of 'San Zhan' (三战) or 'Three Battles'.'
​A well-known Xiangdian Fist Master today is 'Yan Mengyong' (严孟永) [b. 1950] who started training with his uncle - Fang Ligui (房利贵) - in 1968. In November 1978, he was invited to participate in the First Wushu Observation and Performance Conference in Fujian Province with his master - Fang Ligui - and won an award. Since then, Master Yan Mengyong has taught Disciples from all over China - with his gongfu spreading to Hong Kong, Singapore, the United States - as well as many other places!
0 Comments

Fuzhou: 77-Year-old Jiang Xuezhen (蒋雪珍) Has Practiced Taijiquan for Over 30-Years - and Still Amazes an Audience! (6.7.2021)

10/20/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Jiang Xuezhen Assumes the 'One Side Horse' Stretch!
This Senior Citizen silenced the crowd when she raised her leg above her head! Silence turned into awe when she assumed a perfect ‘Golden Rooster Stands on Guard’ (金鸡独立 - Jin Ji Du Li)! Awe turned into spontaneous applause when she assumed a graceful ‘Single Side Horse’ (一字马 - Yi Zi Ma) Splits! This demonstration of Taijiquan was performed by the 77-year-old Jiang Xuezhen (蒋雪珍) in a park near the ‘White Horse River’ (白马河 - Bai Ma He) - the venue for the 2021 ‘Dragon Boat Race’ held in Fuzhou (Fujian province), Mainland China! This elderly lady was originally an ordinary worker in a garment factory – but is now enjoying her retirement. Not only has she practiced Taijiquan diligently to improve her health and strengthen her weak body - but she also made a name for herself in West Lake Public Park (西湖公园 - Xi Hu Gong Yuan) teaching Taijiquan to the common people! 
Picture
Jiang Xuezhen Assumes 'Snake Creeps Down' - Also Called 'Crooked-Whip'!
Since her graceful and powerful appearance at the Dragon Boat Festival - Jiang Xuezhen's dazzling martial arts skills have aroused the interest of many citizens! Some citizens cannot help but wonder – if this older lady was a professional gymnast before? Was Jiang Xuezhen involved in a lifetime of athletic training and development? The answer to all these questions is a resounding ‘NO’! In fact, Jiang Xuezhen was an ordinary worker employed in a garment factory before retiring - and she had NEVER received any such specialist education in this area before. The advanced pliability of her body (and its ‘ligaments’) stem from the time of her retiring from working in the garment industry. Jiang Xuezhen had to retire from working in the garment industry at the age of 45-year due to a physical issue (for which she successfully underwent recuperative surgery). Jiang Xuezhen admits that this was a very confusing time for her both emotionally and psychologically!  
Picture
Jiang Xuezhen Stretches Her Leg Above Her Head!
That is until one day, when she was walking to the West Lake Park (taking exercise), this lady encountered a group of people practicing Taijiquan! At that exact moment - EVERY movement of the Yang Style (the Beijing 24-Step Short-Form) she saw resonated with her mind and body - instantly attracting her attention! When Jiang Xuezhen returned home, she immediately made arrangements to purchase a Taijiquan instructional VCD – which she used to learn Taijiquan through watching carefully and copying the exercises! The next step involved Jiang Xuezhen seeking-out Taijiquan instructors who then corrected and adjusted her ‘Form’ whilst discussing explaining the history and purpose of each sequence - making the revitalising movements much more powerful and effective! Although it took a long time of committed and regular practice, the regular performance of the Taijiquan movements and sequences finally start to transform the natural state and condition of her muscles, joint, bones, ligaments and tendons. At the same time her overall health improved as her inner organs began to strengthen. These changes were so profound that her partner also began to regularly practice Taijiquan! Together, they founded the ‘West Lake Park Taijiquan Practice Group’ - which at the time of writing has at least one-hundred members! 
Picture
A Bridge Within the 'West Lake Public Park' in Fuzhou!
When giving a recent interview to reporters, Jiang Xuezhen stated: “It is said that with every inch the ligaments stretch – the lifespan is extended by ten years! This is why I stretch my legs every day!” Jiang Xuezhen went on to explain that when she first tried to lift her legs all those years ago – her ligaments were tense there was very little movement with pain! Jiang Xuezhen trained diligently between the ages of 45-60-years old, and then she found that one day ALL the tension in her body completely disappeared and she was able to drop down into the side-splits position – and stand with one leg held-up directly into the air! This is why Jiang Xuezhen is now able to assume the ‘Golden Rooster Stands on Guard’ and ‘Single Side Horse’ Splits with ease! After demonstrating her extraordinary Taijiquan skills, Jiang Xuezhen advises: “Concentrate upon an activity and pursue its perfection with diligence!”  
Picture
During the Five Dynasties (907 to 979 CE), Fuzhou West Lake Became the Imperial Garden of Wang Yanjun (王延钧) - the Second Son of Wang Shenzhi (王审知) - the King of Fujian!
This is sound advice, as apart from being able to demonstrate her mastery of Taijiquan – Jiang Xuezhen is also a painter! Jiang Xuezhen explained that she liked to draw since a child - and has always kept one or two drawings of the Four Treasures in the study room at home - after retirement. When she was about 65-years old, Jiang Xuezhen accompanied her partner in the study of flower and bird painting in a university designed to cater to the needs of the elderly. After two years of meticulous flower and bird painting - Jiang Xuezhen turned to landscape painting. The landscape paintings provided by Jiang Xuezhen are truly inspiring – with the background and fore-ground scenery featuring lakes and mountains contrasting perfectly! The art of Jiang Xuezhen generates a unique beauty which is enhanced by an atmosphere which is experienced by the observer as being vast and hazy! 
Picture
People Train in Isolation or in Groups Within the Vast West Lake Public Park of Fuzhou!
Jiang Xuezhen describes herself as a very serious person. When she learns one thing, she spends all her energy on that single activity. In order to learn landscape painting well, she would only go out daily to practice Taijiquan, but rarely for any other reason. She would often spend a week focusing upon a single picture! Then, in order to match the landscape paintings with the beautiful ideograms that comprised the inscriptions, she also spent a year studying different Chinese calligraphy styles such as seal script, official script, and regular script. "If the font is not good-looking, and the inscription is not well-written, it cannot be regarded as a complete and perfect painting." Jiang Xuezhen explained. This is her true character. It has been nearly 30 years since Jiang Xuezhen retired – yet she has retained the eagerness to learn and perfect everything she turns her hand to! Today, in addition to Taijiquan and landscape painting, Jiang Xuezhen can also perform ballroom dancing! As if all these activities are not enough – Jiang Xuezhen also practices Shaolin martial arts! With her extensive knowledge base and engaging personality, Jiang Xuezhen has become something of an inspiration to the surrounding population – a cultural icon for modern China!  
Picture
A Beautiful 'Outer' Scenery Allows for a Corresponding (Beautiful) 'Inner' Scenery to Develop!
[Source: Strait Metropolis Daily] 
Chinese Language Source: 
https://new.qq.com/rain/a/20210706A01BBQ00 ​
花30年练太极,福州七旬老太一字马惊艳全场 

高抬腿过头顶,一个爽快的金鸡独立瞬间赢得现场朋友的喝彩,随即她又在地上来了一个漂亮又利索的一字马,把节目推向了高潮……不久前,在福州白马河公园举行的端午节活动现场,一位老太的表演让不少市民自愧不如。这位老太就是福州77岁的蒋雪珍,原是服装厂工人的她,在退休后寻找到自我,不仅苦练太极拳改善了虚弱的身体,还在西湖公园“打”出了名堂,将太极拳教授给了更多的人。 

60余岁练就金鸡独立、一字马动作 

自从在端午节活动中的精彩亮相后,蒋雪珍的花式炫技引起了不少市民的兴趣,有的市民不禁疑惑问,这位老太太以前是不是体操运动员?其实,蒋雪珍退休前是一名服装厂的工人,之前也没有从事过这方面的练习,有着柔软的韧带的起因还要从她退休时说起。 
 
45岁时的蒋雪珍因为身体原因动了手术后,便从原来就职的服装厂退休了。而突然的退休让将蒋雪珍手足无措,每日不知道该做些什么,陷入了迷茫。直到有一日,她散步到西湖公园时,看到了不少人在练太极拳,一招一式瞬间吸引了她的注意。抱着锻炼身体的想法,她购买了太极拳教学碟片,通过不断地的模仿练习学会了太极拳,在与太极拳老师的交流切磋中更精进了太极拳的动作。而在长期的锻炼后,蒋雪珍感到身体逐渐舒爽了不少,更是动员她的爱人一起到在西湖公园中练习太极拳。在30年间,不少市民自发向她学习太极拳,为此,她和爱人还成立了一个西湖如春太极辅助站,学员最多的时候达到了近百人。 

“都说筋长一寸,寿延十年,每次运动后,我都拉拉腿。”蒋雪珍告诉记者,原先的她腿抬高一点腿都觉得筋绷得崩的紧,但在多年的锻炼中,她不断尝试拉伸韧带,到了60岁左右,才能可以做出金鸡独立、一字马的动作。 

“专心做一件事,并要把它这件事做精” 

除了一字马、金鸡独立、太极拳外,蒋雪珍还是一个画家。蒋雪珍说,她从小就喜欢画画,退休后在家里也时常备上文房四宝画上一两副。于是在她65岁左右,她的爱人便带她来到了老年大学里学习花鸟画,在两年的工笔花鸟设色学习入门后,蒋雪珍又转入山水画的学习中。在蒋雪珍提供的山水画作品中,湖和山相映衬的秀丽景色,在苍茫朦胧的氛围中有着独特的美感。 

蒋雪珍自喻是个较真的人,学习一件事时,便将所以精力花在一件事上,为了学好山水画,她除了每日的太极拳练功外,便少有外出,常常花上一周的时间认真绘一幅画。而后为了给山水画配以好看的题款,她还用了一年的时间去学习了篆书、隶书、楷书等书体。“如果字体不好看,题款写不好就不能算是一幅完整、好看的画。”蒋雪珍说。 

正是较真的性格,蒋奶奶在退休后的近30年间,不断地的保持好学的心,并将每件事做到精,如今的她除了太极拳、山水画外,她还会交际舞、少林武术,成了周围人口中“技能点满满”的潮人。 
​

【来源:海峡都市报】 ​
0 Comments

Okinawan Goju Ryu Karate-Do Originates from the White Crane Gate of Southern Shaolin Fist! (5.8.2016)

9/4/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Southern Shaolin Monks Practicing 'Sensitivity' and 'arm conditioning'!
From July 27th to August 1st, 2016, at the invitation of the Naha City Cultural Association of Japan and the Okinawa (International) Goju Ryu Karate-Do Federation, a group of Buddhist monks from the Putian (莆田) Chan Wu (禅武) - or ‘Meditative Martial Arts’ - Southern Shaolin Temple visited Japan to give a demonstration of their ancient martial arts skills! This was part of a mutual exchange programme which promotes music, dance and the arts - to build friendship and closer ties between the two countries.  ​
During the visit, the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple group first went to the "Okinawa Traditional Ancient Martial Arts Preservation Association" to visit the President Nakamoto Masabu (仲本政傅). Nakamoto Masabu visited Fujian in 1988 to study under ‘Chen Yijiu’ (陈依九) - the Fourth Generation Master of the ‘Ground Method Fist’ (地术拳 - Di Shu Quan) - also termed ‘Dog Fist’ (狗拳 - Gou Quan)! In 1995, he led a Japanese team that participated in the China (Putian) Southern Shaolin International Martial Arts Competition. ​
Afterwards, the Putian Southern Shaolin group next visited the Okinawa Prefectural Budokan to participate in the "Okinawa (International) Goju Ryu Karate-Do Federation World Budo Festival" which is held every four years. The Putian Southern Shaolin Temple group showed their skills at the opening ceremony of the Martial Arts Conference. On display was the Shaolin ‘Stick’ (棍 - Gun), Closed-Fist Arts (拳术 - Quan Shu), Broad Sword (刀 - Dao), Long Swords (剑 - Jian) and all kinds of ancient military weapons! There was also various other performances of endurance, strength and power, etc, that impressed the crowd and attracted warm-hearted applause! The monks of the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple were praised for their calm state of mind, technical expertise and fierceness during combat! ​
The Head Monk of the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple - ‘Kong Xing’ (空性) said that ‘Okinawan Goju Ryu is a Southern style of Chinese martial arts defined as being a combination of the “Southern Boat and Northern Horse”, and which developed through the White Crane Gate of the Southern Shaolin Temple!’ The name of the style derives from a once secret book associated with the White Crane Gate entitled the ‘Martial Preparation Records’  (武备志 - Wu Bei Zhi) - where this text states ‘The methodology involves the continuous interchange of hard and soft whilst the body absorbs (like swallowing) and emits (like spitting)!’  ​
The Putian Southern Shaolin Temple has a special relationship with the Okinawan martial arts community and is very happy to facilitate cultural exchanges between China and Japan! The Head Monk went on to explain that a Special Research Department is active at his temple which assists groups and individuals to visit and stay at the temple to study Ch’an meditation and ‘Southern Fist’ (南拳 - Nan Quan) - whilst an Administrative Section carries-out historical and cultural research involving martial arts and associative subjects. Together, the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple and Naha City Cultural Association share a common (non-political), martial arts history that can only benefit the people of China and Japan! This friendship is facilitated by the Okinawa (International) Goju Ryu Karate-Do Federation, which continuously offers its support, guidance and encouragement!  ​
The Putian Southern Shaolin Temple adheres to the spiritual and physical teachings as taught by the ancient Indian Buddhist monk – the Great Master Bodhidharma (达摩 - Da Mo)! Through hours of sitting in Ch’an meditation he calmed, stilled and expanded his mind (eradicating greed, hatred and delusion and cultivated loving kindness, compassion and wisdom), whilst through martial arts practice of various kinds, he eradicated illnesses, healed wounds and extended his longevity! By emulating this practice, we can live healthy and wise lives and benefit the entire world! This is why the Head Monk - Kong Xing - further stated the Southern Shaolin Temple invites friends from all over the world and welcome everyone who comes to the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple to experience the charm of its meditative and martial Buddhist culture! At the same time, Kong Xing invited friends from all over the world to jointly promote the spirit of peace, compassion and altruism, and contribute toward the happiness and stability of human society by cultivating harmony between human beings and nature! ​
It is understood that also attending this conference - in addition to the staff of the Karate-Do Headquarters in Japan – was more than 1,500 participants from 52 national Karate-Do organisations, including the United States, Russia, the United Kingdom, Spain, and Australia! The Head Monk of the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple – Kong Xing – then presented special calligraphy to his Japanese hosts! The monks from the Putian Southern Shaolin Temple performed various ‘Southern Fist’ (南拳 - Nan Quan) routines during their exchange visit in Japan. ​
Source: Meizhou Daily ​
Chinese Language Source:
http://www.hinews.cn/news/system/2016/08/05/030593828.shtml?wscckey=70d51dc7d4f29072_1470363283 ​
冲绳刚柔流空手道源自南少林拳白鹤门 
来源:湄洲日报 作者: 时间:2016-08-05 08:22:36 
本报讯7月27日至8月1日,应日本那霸市文化协会和冲绳(国际)刚柔流空手道联盟的邀请,莆田南少林寺禅武团前往日本进行武术、音乐、艺术等方面的交流,共同推动两地的文化交流与友好往来。  
访问期间,莆田南少林寺禅武团首先前往“冲绳传统古武道保存会”,拜访会长仲本政傅。仲本政傅曾于1988年来福建向地术拳第四代传人陈依九学艺,1995年带队前来参加中国(莆田)南少林国际武术大赛。之后,禅武团一行前往冲绳县立武道馆,参加四年一届的“冲绳(国际)刚柔流空手道联盟世界武道祭”演武大会。 
南少林寺禅武团在演武大会开幕式上大展身手,少林棍、拳术、刀剑兵器类等表演,引得现场一阵阵热烈的掌声,大家直夸南少林寺武僧们武术功底扎实,打得虎虎生威。  莆田南少林寺方丈空性说,冲绳刚柔流空手道系中国“南舟北马”中的南派功夫,源自南少林拳白鹤门,其流派的名称来源于白鹤门流传秘书《武备志》中“法刚柔吞吐,身随时应变”。此 
次民间武术交流活动,对加强莆田南少林寺与那霸市文化协会、冲绳国际刚柔流空手道联盟的友好关系,增进文化交流与武术互鉴、深化合作具有积极意义。  南少林寺一贯秉承达摩大师的宗风,以武术强健体魄,以禅法静心明智,以慈悲利益世间,进而成就自他圆满的智慧人生。 
空性说,南少林寺向世界各国的朋友发出邀请,欢迎大家来莆田南少林寺,体验南少林禅武文化的魅力,感受佛教的人文艺术。同时,还邀请世界各国的朋友共同弘扬和平、慈悲、利他的精神,为人类社会的幸福安定、人类与自然的和谐奉献一份力量。 
据了解,此次大会,除了日本刚柔流空手道本部人员外,有来自美国、俄罗斯、英国、西班牙、澳大利亚等52个国家的空手道组织共1500余人参加。  南少林寺方丈空性赠送书法给日本友人。  莆田南少林寺武僧在日本交流期间表演各种南拳。原标题:冲绳刚柔流空手道源自南少林拳白鹤门 ​
0 Comments

Mr Mekaru Kenichi (铭苅拳一) (b. 1947) Mainland China's First 'Official' Karate-Do Teacher! (15.1.2012)

8/23/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Mr Mekaru Kenichi (铭苅拳一 - Ming Yi Quan Yi) was Born In Okinawa But Lived for a Time in Brazil Before Spending 25 Years in China Promoting the Practice of Traditional Okinawan Karate-Do!
Translator's Note: Master Mekaru Kenichi was born in '旧大里' (Jiu Da Li) Village in Okinawa during 1947 (that is the 'Old Big and Wide' Village) - as the island was still recovering from the cataclysmic (1945) Battle of Okinawa! His surname '铭苅' (Mekaru) appears to be a District of Northeast Naha City (perhaps named after a tortoiseshell) - whilst his first names of '拳一' (Kenichi) possess a definite martial connotation meaning a 'Single Fist' or a 'Fist that Unifies', etc! Times were hard when he was young and life was difficult - but Mekaru Kenichi ​and his clan were held together by their Karate-Do mind and body discipline - knowing full well that its inner structure was historically from China! During the early days of his life, his biography relates how even as a young child he was holding the 'Horse Stance' and participating in general 'Tang Hand' training with no particular 'name' or 'style' association (a typical situation amongst many traditionally minded Okinawans at the time)! In 1958, when he was 11 years old, his family emigrated to the Sao Paulo area of Brazil to join the already substantial Japanese and Okinawan population already living their and doing well with lots of open space to build and plenty of work opportunities! During 1977, when Mekaru Kenichi was 30 years old, he met Mr. Kakazu Yoshimasa - who had come to Brazil to participate in an 'Open' fighting competition! Upon his return to Okinawa - Mekaru Kenichi followed him and became his martial arts disciple! When returning to Mr. Kakazu Yoshimasa's Dojo in Naha City, he was tasked with mastering the 'Kobayashi Ryu' (小林流) - style of Okinawan Karate-Do - a branch of the 'Shorin Ryu' (少林流) fighting style - which uses the Chinese ideograms that read 'Shaolin Lineage'. - as there is a belief that this style of Okinawan Karate-Do was originally linked directly to the Shaolin Temple tradition of China. Kobayashi Ryu was founded by Chibana Chōshin (知花朝信) [1885-1969]. His family practiced the 'Chinese Hand (唐手 - Tang Shou) - and refused the Japanese order to change the name to 'Empty Hand' (空手 - Kong Shou) for decades! Master Mekaru Kenichi  became a very great Master of the Kobayashi Ryu style and was renowned for travelling the world and relentlessly teaching anyone who wanted to learned genuine, Chinese-based Okinawan Karate-Do! This led to him eventually entering China and working very hard to introduce the modern Chinese people to a martial art that belonged to them - but which had been transmitted to another culture hundreds of years ago! Master Mekura Kenichi dedicated 25 years of life to China before retiring and leaving a place in 2013 (aged 66) he had called 'home' for quarter of a century! The record books now show that Mekura Kenichi was the first person to introduce an Okinawan Karate-Do style (Kobayashi Ryu) into an independent and thriving Mainland China during 1988! ACW (23.8.2022)
Master Mekura Kenichi Demonstrates 'Basic Kata Number One'!
Mr Mekaru Kenichi ​ first visited China in 1988 – where he is well-known for performing what would become known as his inaugural Karate-Do cultural exchange performance at the Shanghai Wushu Academy! The reaction from the thousands in attendance at the time was very appreciative and supportive! Since then, people from all walks of life in Shanghai became very interested in learning the martial art of Karate-Do, and this positive reaction gave him the idea of developing the teaching of Karate-Do in Shanghai!
In 1990, Mr Mekaru ​Kenichi was introduced by the Brazilian President in a letter and recommended by the Japanese Consulate in Shanghai. With the help of Mr. Zhu Rongji (朱镕基) the Mayor of Shanghai at that time - he was contacted by the Foreign Affairs Office of the Shanghai Municipal Commission for Sports - and entirely at his own expense, established China's first officially recognised Karate-Do training class held at the Shanghai Physical Education Training Hall. At that time, a large number of willing practitioners flocked in an endless stream to the classes, and the registration was extraordinarily high! To help with the training process, the Japanese government provided 300 Karate-Do training suits (termed ‘gi’) for free - for the newcomers to use! ​
Picture
In Japan, karate is taught as part of the School Physical Education Curriculum! Therefore, Mr Mekaru Kenichi wanted to establish Karate-Do as a sport in China’s Primary and Secondary Schools and Universities in China, so as to popularise this martial art amongst the youth! In 1992, he taught for free and borrowed 100 further sets of Japanese Karate-Do uniforms for which he distributed for free. He founded the Fudan University Karate Association and opened the first Karate-Do training class to be held in a Chinese university and was hired as the Honorary President and Chief Instructor of the Association (which provided him with a small room to live, three meals a day and a small stipend). From this firm foundation, he opened a Karate-Do training course and served as the Head Coach for the Shanghai Metallurgical College. ​
Picture
The following year, he aimed at establishing Karate-Do classes throughout the whole country yet again! This time he was successful, and he managed to establish fully functioning Dojos in Chengdu, Kunming, Xi'an, Shenyang, Nanjing, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and other major cities – attracting the huge number of 80,000 ethnic Chinese students!  ​
Mr Mekaru ​Kenichi ​was appointed by the Okinawa Fist Study Association of Japan to promote traditional Karate-Do all over the world! He has taught in major cities in dozens of countries, including the United States, Canada, Mexico, Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, Colombia, Peru, France, Spain, Portugal, and Italy. After 20 years, the number of students around the world has reached 35,000! He has stated, however, that as China is the birthplace of Karate-Do – China remains the country with the most potential for development. In order to spread and develop Karate-Do in China, he would rather give up the materially superior conditions of other countries, relocate to a remote part of China for meditative study, and invest whatever money he could raise and donate it to the Chinese people - to be used for the promotion of Karate-Do!  ​
Picture
After years of hard work by Mr Mekaru ​Kenichi ​, the regular practice of Karate-Do has developed rapidly throughout China – a process which has proven especially strong in Shanghai. Today, dozens of colleges and universities, including Fudan University, Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai Institute of Foreign Trade, Donghua University, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, and Peking University, have all established regular Karate-Do associations and offer Karate-Do courses (including medicine and weaponry). At the same time, many fitness clubs have also launched Karate-Do as a form of fitness exercise, training tens of thousands of students! ​
On April 25th, 1999, China's first official Karate-Do body – the ‘Shanghai Wushu Association Karate Committee’ - was established through the authority of the World Karate-Do Federation! Through the introduction of Mr. Wang Zhaoji (王肇基) - the Director of the Karate-Do Committee of the Shanghai Wushu Association - Mr Mekaru Ginkari was hired as the first Consultant Head Coach. This appointment was confirmed at the inauguration ceremony, where enthusiastic Karate-Do students were called upon to hold a demonstration and competition! Mr Shimizu Seno - the Deputy Consul General of the Japanese Consulate in Shanghai - also came to the Shanghai Wushu Academy to watch the inauguration ceremony! At the invitation of Mr Mekaru Kenichi ​ important members of the World Karate Federation and All Japan Karate Federation attended the inauguration ceremony – including director Arakawa Tong and director Hasumi Keiichi! These Karate-Do experts personally guided Chinese students in their Karate-Do practice – and helped explain the competition rules as established by the World Karate Federation! Everyone who attended, regardless of rank, ethnicity or origination, all chose to support China by joining the Karate-Do Committee of the Shanghai Wushu Association!  ​
Picture
During May 2000, following negotiations between Mr Mekaru ​Kenichi ​and the Japan Kyokushinkaikan - the first Sino-Japanese karate exchange competition (for college and high school students) was held (including full-contact sparring, Kata and weapons demonstrations), with many more high-spirited Sino-Japanese exchange competitions being held since then!  ​
During February 2001, Mr Mekaru ​ Kenichi ​ invited the All-Japan Karate Women's Champion to Shanghai to participate in the exchange competition with Shanghai karate students – to offer advice regarding practice methods, Kata performances and actual combat (self-defence) experience!  ​
Chinese Language Source:
http://www.360doc.com/content/12/0820/11/99504_231276189.shtml ​
铭苅拳一介绍 
铭苅拳一介绍2012年01月15日 13:46:07 
    铭苅拳一先生于1988年第一次来到中国,在上海武术院进行了第一次空手道交流表演,当时反映极为强烈。鉴于上海各界人士对空手道十分感兴趣,在上海发展空手道的想法产生于他的脑海之中。 
  1990年,铭苅先生经巴西总统致信介绍及日本驻沪领事馆的推荐,在当时上海市市长朱镕基先生帮助下,由上海市体委外事处联络,在上海体育宫自费创办了中国第一个公认的空手道训练班。当时大批学习者络绎不绝,报名极为踊跃,全部免费借用了从日本带来的三百套拳士会空手道道服。 
  在日本,空手道是作为学校体育教育课程的。由此铭苅先生想在中国各中小学及大学内开展空手道运动,在学生中进行普及。1992年,他义务免费授课,并免费借用一百套日本空手道道服,创建了复旦大学空手道协会及开设了中国高校的第一个空手道训练班,并受聘为协会荣誉会长兼总指导;同时在上海冶金高等专科学校开设了训练班并担任总教练。 
次年,他又把目标指向了全国,先后在成都、昆明、西安、沈阳、南京、杭州、青岛、广州、香港等各大城市办班传授武艺,学生总数8万人次以上。 
    铭苅先生曾受日本冲绳拳士会委派,到世界各国推广空手道。在美国、加拿大、墨西哥、巴西、巴拉圭、阿根廷、哥伦比亚、秘鲁、法国、西班牙、葡萄牙、意大利等数十个国家的大城市都任教过,历经20年,学生达3万5千人次。但还是发现中国是最具有潜力可发展的国家。为了在中国传播和发展空手道,他宁愿放弃其他国家的优越条件,来到中国进行考察,投入许多资金在中国空手道事业的开展推广方面,为了能使中国的空手道运动更好、更顺利地发展。 
    经过铭苅先生多年的努力,空手道事业在中国发展蒸蒸日上,特别是在上海。如今包括复旦大学、上海外国语大学、上海对外贸易学院、东华大学、南京理工大学、北京大学等数十所高校都成立了空手道协会,开设了空手道课程。同时许多健身俱乐部也已开展此运动,培训学员数万名。 
    1999年4月25日,经世界空手道连盟认可,中国第一个空手道委员会——上海市武术协会空手道委员会成立。在上海市武协空手道委员会主任王肇基先生的介绍下,铭苅先生被聘为首任顾问总教练,并在成立仪式上召集空手道学员举办了表演比赛。日本驻沪领事馆副总领事清水濑野先生也来到上海武术院观看了这次成立仪式。在铭苅先生的盛邀下,世界空手道连盟和全日本空手道连盟的最高干部局长荒川通和理事莲见圭一亲临上海庆祝空手道委员会的成立,观看、指导中国学生的表演比赛,并对世界空手道连盟的比赛裁判规则作了讲解。 
上海市武术协会空手道委员会成立以后,铭苅先生在沪上的所有在册学员都加入了空手道委员会成为会员。 
    2000年5月,在铭苅先生与日本极真会馆的协商下,进行了首届大中学生中日空手道交流赛,以后又举办过多次中日交流赛。 
    2001年2月,铭苅先生又邀请了全日本空手道女子冠军来到上海,参加了与上海空手道学员的交流比赛,进行了练习方法、套路表演及实战比赛的交流。 
阅读(274)|**(0) 
 
 ​
0 Comments

Fuzhou: How a Whooping Crane Master Became Famous During Lockdown! (26.3.2020)

8/19/2022

1 Comment

 
Picture
Xu Lanyu (徐兰雨) [Right] - Teaching a 'Remote' Student 'Whooping Crane Fist' Who Has Come To Visit!
China News Service, Fuzhou, March 26, 2020 (Reporter: Weng Yumin - 翁宇民) In the days of home epidemic prevention! Pictured to the right is Xu Lanyu (徐兰雨) - the lineage inheritor of ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ (鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan) - a native of Fuzhou and perpetuator of the often (historically) ‘hidden’ cultural treasure that is represented by the wealth of martial knowledge developed throughout the area. He is pictured here with a ‘student’ who travelled a long way to train in this unique martial art! (Photograph by Chen Nuan - 陈暖).  ​
During lockdown throughout China, millions communicated with one another using the internet! A young woman (Ling Yun - 凌云) from Sichuan, for instance, entertained untold numbers with her ability to use a traditional long sword which she used to ‘pierce’ bits of paper thrown up into the air! Around the same time, a ‘masked man’ (pictured above) took to the internet and decided to demonstrate the ‘Forms’ and self-defence applications of his family martial arts style! His daily programmes attracted hundreds of thousands of viewers! This activity led to untold thousands starting to practice ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ via their TV or computer screen!  ​
How did this notoriety begin? Well, the ‘masked man’ decided that he would record a video of himself practicing the ‘Forms’ contained within the martial art of ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ - carefully edited to the well-known theme tune from the hit movie entitled ‘Kung Fu Panda’! This interesting mixture of ‘old’ traditional Chinese culture and ‘new’ paradigms in general entertainment, led to a massive interest in the martial art that was being demonstrated! No one could have predicted how popular this blend of serious study with light-hearted entertainment would prove – particularly at the dangerous and unpredictable times that Covid-19 represented to the world! ​
Master Xu Lanyu (徐兰雨) Practicing ‘Whooping Crane Fist – Twenty-Eight Perches’ (鸣鹤拳二十八宿 - Ming He Quan Er Shi Ba Su).
The reporter learned that this ‘masked man’ is one Xu Lanyu - the lineage inheritor of Whooping Crane Fist – who is a native of Fuzhou and preserver of the ‘hidden’ martial cultural heritage of the area, as well as being a National (First-Class) Martial Arts Referee, and Deputy Secretary-General of the Fuzhou Wushu Association. In the video that became famous, the Form that Xu Lanyu demonstrated is known as ‘Whooping Crane Fist – Twenty-Eight Perches’ (鸣鹤拳二十八宿 - Ming He Quan Er Shi Ba Su).  ​
Xu Lanyu said: "The ‘Twenty-Eight Perches’ Form derives from the ‘Shaolin Arahant Fist’ (少林罗汉拳 - Shao Lin Luo Han Quan) style. This ‘Twenty-Eight Perches’ Form was developed only within the ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ style – and is not part of any other Crane fighting art. It has a unique spirit which is fast, brave, alert and flexible. This represents a sudden and dramatic transformation often observed in the behaviour of the White Crane bird species. The White Crane is usually quiet, calm and deliberately sedate – but is always poised on the psychological and physical ‘edge’ (between ‘tension’ and ‘relaxation’) so that it can burst into action at any time! The flexibility can suddenly become (momentarily) ‘rigid’ (刚 - Gang) and highly destructive – whilst a ‘rigid’ White Crane can disrupt the mind and body balance of an opponent by suddenly losing ALL the ‘tension’ and become fully ‘evasive’ through a sudden and instantaneous ‘relaxation’ (柔 - Rou). Bodyweight is fully applied to a body part (like water rushing into a hollow pot) – or completely withdrawn from a body area (like water being ‘emptied’ from a storage area). This awareness (and ability) generates an instant and terrible (trembling) power which the White Crane uses when applying the cruel techniques of ‘trapping’ and ‘breaking’ the opponent’s fingers, toes, wrists, ankles, elbows, knees and neck, etc!’  ​
Xu Lanyu explained to our reporters that the developmental history of ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ - including the oral history as well as the legends and myths - is all described in detail in the book entitled ‘Crane Technique – Fujian Whooping Crane Fist’ (鹤法—--福建鸣鹤拳 - He Crane – Fu Jian Ming He Quan) - written by Master Yu Danqiu (余丹秋) - the teacher of Xu Lanyu! This book is full of very interesting and important historical data and is currently in preparation for publication! ​
The Founding Ancestor of Crane Fist is believed to be the semi-legendary woman martial arts expert known as ‘Fang Qiniang’ (方七娘) during the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. This original Fujian White Crane Fist style developed within the Fuzhou area – and eventually diversified into the ‘Whooping Crane’ (鸣鹤 - Ming He), the ‘Perching’ (or ‘Sleeping’) Crane (宿鹤 - Su He), the 'Ancestral Crane’ (宗鹤 - Zong He), the ‘Trembling Crane’ (纵鹤 - Zong He), the ‘Flying Crane’ (飞鹤 - Fei He) and the ‘Feeding Crane’ 食鹤 - She He), as well as many other branches! Indeed, there are several White Crane Fist lineages all preserving and transmitting their interesting histories! For example, during the Daoguang (道光) era of the Qing Dynasty (reigned 1820-1860) - there lived a White Crane Fist teacher known as Master ‘Lin Shixian’ (林世咸) who was well-known in the Yixu area of Fuzhou! He would take on and defeat anyone who challenged him and one day his White Crane skills were observed by a Shaolin Buddhist monk who was travelling through the area! His name was ‘Shi Mingyu’ (释明余) - that is ‘Venerable Bright Intensity’ – and he was a respected expert in the martial art of ‘Shaolin Arahant Fist’ (少林罗汉拳 - Shao Lin Luo Han Quan). After both men were properly introduced, a large crowd gathered - and following demands for a sparring competition -  each man demonstrated his respective art for all to see! It soon became apparent, however, that both men were equally matched despite the technical differences in their martial systems, and that neither could prevail. Furthermore, each man recognised the equal mastery of the other and both became firm friends!​
Watching in the crowd that day was one ‘Lin Dachong’ (林达崇) who came from the Pan Yu area of Fuzhou! He was a disciple of the eminent Shaolin monk and was astonished and impressed when he saw the beauty and technical skill of the White Crane Fist! He requested that Lin Shixian accept him as a disciple and stay to teach him in the Pan Yu area – a request Lin Shixian accepted! Whooping Crane Fist was subsequently developed by Lin Dachong after he combined the movements of Fujian White Crane Fist with those found in the style of ‘Shaolin Arahant Fist’! These two well-known styles form the technical foundation of ‘Whooping Crane’! This is why the Pan Yu area of Fuzhou has become recognised as the birthplace of ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ both in China and abroad! ​
There was also a very great ‘Generational Grand Master’ (一代宗师 - Yi Dai Zong Shi) who was named ‘Xie Zongxiang’ (谢宗祥)* and also known as ‘Xie Ru Ru’ (谢如如)! He was a very great martial arts teacher, practitioner, fighter and healer who was known far and wide in Fuzhou and a long way beyond! Indeed, he had trained as the leading disciple of ‘Lin Dachong’ - who later became known as ‘Pan Yu Ba’ (潘屿八​)! Local people in Fuzhou used to call him ‘Ru Shi’ (如师), and in his hands, ‘the ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ style was repeatedly improved and developed, so that its good reputation spread across China and out into the wide world – becoming known far and wide for its combat effectiveness! Xie Zongxiang was very famous and had countless students and disciples! He met many people from around the world – and the record books state one of them was from Okinawa! This is significant as Fuzhou now receives a continuous stream of visitors that are researching the Chinese origins of the Okinawan Goju Ryu style of Karate-Do. They all arrive with their stories concerning Higaonna Kanryo (东恩纳宽量 - Dong En Na Kuan Liang) - a very strong and brave young man who visited Fuzhou in 1877 – where he studied Fujian White Crane Fist under ‘Xie Zongxiang’! Furthermore, travellers from Japan and Okinawa all state that ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ has had an important influence on the development of Goju Ryu Karate-Do! Quite often, there are also many doubts as the origination stories tend to differ at various points in their telling – whilst all agreeing on certain significant facts! Whooping Crane Fist is a superb cultural treasure that is like a beautiful flower growing out of the brickwork of a wall – but the fragrance of which reaches far and wide! Xu Lanyu's teacher - Yu Danqiu - has often been invited to teach martial arts overseas. Nowadays, there are foreign disciples learning genuine ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ in Europe and Oceania. Xu Lanyu's generation of ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ practitioners now have transnational brothers and sisters – as the Masters of this art want to spread its secrets far and wide! ​
Affected by the recent epidemic, many planned Chinese and foreign martial arts exchanges have been understandably postponed. With the development of the Internet, however, this has made it possible to ‘spread martial arts through the air’, and the White Crane martial arts Masters in Fuzhou intend to continue the communication, learning and teaching of martial arts through ‘live’ internet broadcasts, and video recordings! Due to the epidemic, staying at home has made many people interested in practicing martial arts again. Therefore, Xu Lanyu's ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ video has been retweeted by many fans as soon as it was released. Xu Lanyu said: ‘Epidemic prevention also requires regular exercise at home. A strong body is the strongest line of defence against any illness!’ 

*A
lso referred to as 'Xie Chongxiang' (謝崇祥) [1852-1930].​
Chinese Language Article: 

https://baijiahao.baidu.com/s?id=1662227579974127318&wfr=spider&for=pc
​
疫情期间福州有位“蒙面侠”走红网络 
中国新闻网 
2020-03-26 19:52 
福州本土的非遗拳种鸣鹤拳的传承人徐兰雨(右)和慕名而来的“粉丝”一同练功。 陈暖 摄 
中新网福州3月26日电 (翁宇民)在居家防疫的日子里,四川火了一个“提剑扔垃圾女侠”—--凌云。福州本土的非遗拳种鸣鹤拳,最近也火了一位“蒙面侠”。 
近日,一段视频在福州网友当中火热传播,在《功夫熊猫》主题歌背景下,一位戴着口罩的“蒙面”侠客表演了一套虎虎生风的鹤拳,让网友们纷纷点赞! 
记者了解到,这位“蒙面侠”是福州本土的非遗拳种鸣鹤拳的传承人、国家一级武术裁判员、福州市武术协会副秘书长徐兰雨。在上述视频中,他展示的这一段套路名叫“鸣鹤拳二十八宿”。 
徐兰雨说:“二十八宿套路是少林罗汉拳的招式,鹤拳中只有鸣鹤拳有二十八宿套路。它风格与众不同,迅速勇猛、机警灵活,改变了白鹤拳原来的恬静神态,可以施展短打、劈破等狠招,是鸣鹤拳先祖师父传授的武学中,刚与柔的精巧组合。” 
徐兰雨告诉记者,有关鸣鹤拳及其传奇的故事,在他师父余丹秋所著的《鹤法—--福建鸣鹤拳》一书中有详尽的记述。这本书目前正在准备出版。 
鹤拳始祖师父是明末清初的一位传奇女性—--方七娘,这门武学在福州地区还分为鸣鹤、宿鹤(宗鹤、纵鹤)、飞鹤、食鹤几个分支。 
几经传承,在清道光年间,鹤拳的一位高手林世咸在福州义序游玩时,以白鹤神技折服少林罗汉拳高僧释明余,二人在切磋中成为挚友。高僧之徒、盘屿人林达崇目睹二人较技之后,对鹤拳神技崇拜不已,恳请林世咸留在盘屿教授功夫,由此盘屿成为福州鸣鹤拳的发源地而闻名海内外。也正是林达崇结合了少林罗汉拳与鹤拳的招式,成就了鸣鹤拳独特的风格。 
鸣鹤拳还出过“一代宗师”谢宗祥(谢如如),人称如师。在如师手中,鸣鹤拳再度得到提高与发展。他威名显赫,收徒甚众,其中有一位是日本人,名叫东恩纳宽量。 
这位来自冲绳的日本徒弟,1877年到福州拜如师学习鸣鹤拳,回日本后以勇猛、刚柔相济的拳术而扬名,后来更成为日本刚柔流泊手空手道的中兴之祖。 
也正因为东恩纳宽量,日本刚柔流至今仍常有弟子来福州参访鸣鹤拳,探究武学渊源。 
作为福州本土的非遗拳种,鸣鹤拳近年也是“墙内开花墙外香”。徐兰雨的师父余丹秋经常受邀赴海外授武,如今在欧洲和大洋洲都有学习鸣鹤拳的洋弟子,徐兰雨这一代鸣鹤拳修习者有了更多跨国的师兄弟。 
近来受疫情的影响,原计划中的不少中外武学交流都被迫延后。但如今网络的发达,令“隔空传武”成为了可能,福州的武林高手们也计划通过视频,让武术学习与交流得以继续。 
也因为疫情,全民宅家让不少人萌生了习武锻炼的兴趣,因此徐兰雨的鸣鹤拳视频一发布,就被不少爱好者火热转发。徐兰雨说:“防疫居家也要勤运动,身体强健才是抵御病毒的最强防线。”(完) ​
1 Comment

Email: Goju Ryu Twelve Katas - and Chinese Style Origination (18.8.2022)

8/18/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
A Demonstration of Okinawan Goju Ryu Karate-Do - Shuri Castle (1938)
Dear Tony

The Chinese language encyclopaedia pages regarding Miyagi Chojun suggest that he went to China in 1915 to meet 'Shi Gong' (Xei Chongxiang) and other gongfu masters because Higaonna Kanyro was still in regular communication with them! Assuming this communication was by the written word (although it could have been by word of mouth), then there should be a written record somewhere in China even if all the replies were destroyed in 1945 in Okinawa! Furthermore, and more to the point, Miyagi Chojun was probably the first visitor to Xie Chongxiang from Okinawa since Higaonna Kanryo left in 1881 - so here is our answer to some extent! Miyagi Chojun probably conveyed all the history he knew of Higaonna Kanryo's earlier visit and education in China - to any and all the Chinese Masters he met - thus spreading the knowledge! Modern Okinawan Goju Ryu Karate-Do is comprised of the following Chinese martial arts styles and systems:

a) Fujian White Crane Fist (福建白鶴拳 - Fu Jian Bai He Quan) - which originated in Yongchun County.

b) Southern Shaolin Fist (南少林拳 - Nan Shao Lin Quan) - probably Quanzhou, but also the sister temples of Putian and Fuqing. based upon Pan Yu Ba's 'Eighteen Arahant Fist' (羅漢拳 - Luo Han Quan).

c) Whooping Crane Fist (鳴鶴拳 - Ming He Quan). From (and between) 1912-1915 with the arrival of Wu Xiangui (Go Ken Ki) on the scene! I suspect Wu Xiangui introduced Miyagi Chojun to 'Whooping Crane' in Okinawa - but then took him to see his Master (Xie Chongxiang) in 1915 as a representative of Higaonna Kanryo (as Higaonna Kanryo was too ill to travel). 

I think the outer frame of Goju Ryu is obviously Southern Fist - which looks very 'Northern' in part and perhaps this is the origination of the wide and broad Horse Stance (which looks just like our Longfist Forms)! The 'inner' frame of Goju Ryo is Fujian White Crane - which has a crossover with such arts as Taijiquan, Xingyi, Xinyi and Baguazhang, etc! The maintaining of 'tension' was taught to me as 'steel wire' in English but I later found out the proper Chinese term is '缠丝劲' (Chan Si Jin) - or 'winding silk unyielding force'. This is taught within Taijiquan and all authentic forms of White Crane. The power is relentless, endless, self-propelling and self-replicating. It is not dependent upon physical fitness (although it is acquired only after a life time of relentless mind-body training without mercy) and is not negated or diverted by physical conditions. It is a universal force that operates regardless of life or death. My Master used to say that it is like a heavy iron ball rolling in all and any directions! Nothing can stop it. The secret lies in the Kata construction of Goju Ryu which is as follows:

Higaoona Kanryo 

Fujian White Crane Fist and Southern Fist Forms (Katas) brought back from Fuzhou - China (c. 1881):

碎破 (Sui Po) = Saifa 
制引战 (Zhi Yin Zhan) = Seiyunchin
四向战 (Si Xiang Zhan) = Shisochin
三十六手 (San Shi Liu Shou) = Sanseru
十八手 (Shi Ba Shou) = Seipai
久留顿破 (Jiu Liu Dun Po) = Kururunfa
十三手 (Shi San Shou) = Seisan 
一百零八手 (Yi Bai Ling Ba Shou) = Suparinpei
三战等 (San Zhan) = Sanchin

Miyagi Chojun

Whooping Crane Form (Kata) brought back from Fuzhou - China (1915)

六机手 (Liu Ju Shou) = Rokuki - later developed into 'Tensho' (转掌 - Zhan Zhuan). Wang Xiangui came to Okinawa in 1912 (where he lived until his death in 1940) - he was sent to assist Higaonna Kanryo by Xie Chongxiang (Higaonna Kanryo died in 1915). Became Miyagi Chojun's teacher and accompanied him to and from China in 1915.

Miyagi Chojun - Constructed Kata (1937)

In 1937, when Japan declared war on China, Miyagi Chojun is employed as a High School Sport Instructor and tasked with teaching Goju Ryu Karate-Do to High School Students destined to be recruited into the Imperial Japanese Army. Goju Ryu training proved too difficult in its traditional form for short-term students passing through limited-time classes - so Miyagi Chojun carefully constructed two Basic Katas that convey a sound appreciation of self-defence:

击碎第一 (Ji Sui Di Yi) = Gekisai Dai-Ichi* 
击碎第二 (Ji Sui Di Er) = Gekisai Dai-Ni*

Within these two Katas - Miyagi Chojun introduced the concept of the '上段扬受' (Shang Duan Yang Shou) - or 'Jo Dan Age Uke' in Okinawan. This is a highly technical term that translates as 'Upper Level Raising Interception' - and which today is universally known by its English translation of 'Upper Block'. (This upper 'blocking' technique involves the coordinated crossing, rubbing and inter-changing of the toughened fore-arms (with closed fists) in front of the chest area as each is alternatively raised above the forehead (whilst defending the middle and upper levels) - with the intention of deflecting a downward descending blow directed to the top of the head - or diverting a straight punch or similar strike to the face, etc. Today, the exact angle of the raised block with the closed hand varies according to the preference of the Karate-Do style). According to Chinese language sources, this 'Upper Block' did not exist in the Karate-Do styles extant upon the island of Okinawa prior to 1937 - and that Miyagi Chojun is recognised as the sole originator of this technique as practiced within the art of Karate-Do. Prior to this, the Naha-Te - Goju Ryu style utilised a typical White Crane defence that saw an elevated mid-level defence raised up to neck and head height - where the palm and fingers of the open hands would deflect (or slap) blows away to the side. Miyagi Chojun may have seen similar upper blocking movements whilst observing other Chinese styles of martial arts (where these movements are often a combination of a closed handed punch and a fore-arm deflection) - different Chinese martial styles that had not yet penetrated Okinawa or the Karate-Do community! 

Thanks Adrian
*​These Katas were a product of rampant Japanese 'Nationalism' and were designed, at the time, to prepare the minds and bodies of young Japanese men (for their stint in the military) from 1937 onwards to attack and kill Chinese men, women and children. From 1941 onwards, this Japanese 'Nationalist' aggression would be aimed at civilian populations throughout Asia, and include the militaries of the West, etc. In late 1945, this Japanese 'Nationalist' aggression would be aimed at the Soviet Red Army as it strove to 'Liberate' (Manchuria - Northeast China) from Imperialist Japanese Occupation! I am reminded of Funakoshi Gichin's biography where he proudly mentioned himself preparing thousands of young Japanese men for 'unarmed' Karate 'Banzai' charges aimed primarily at attacking US soldiers! It is ironic that all those non-Japanese people who practice Japanese Karate-Do throughout the world today, have absolutely no idea of the 'racist' historical reality 'embedded' in many of the more recent 'Katas' still taught to beginners as primers for the style! 
0 Comments

Quanzhou: The Birthplace of Yongchun White Crane Fist – A World Famous Chinese Martial Art!

8/15/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Pay Attention to Gathering the 'Inner' Spirit (魂 - Hun) of the Crane - This is the Strength the Crane 'Manifests' (道 - Dao) in the Outer World! Therefore, the Crane is Self-Confident Because It Naturally Buildes the 'Inner' (内 - Nei) and the 'Outer' (外 - Wai) in a Perfect Harmony!
Translated By Shifu Adrian Chan-Wyles PhD ( © )
Yongchun (永春) White Crane Fist (白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan) is one of the seven major martial arts styles developed in Fujian Province. It was created during the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties and has spread throughout China, Southeast Asia, Europe and the United States. It is a national heritage of immeasurable cultural importance! ​
The Southern Shaolin Fighting Method (南少林拳法 - Nan Shao Lin Quan Fa) - which developed during the Tang and Song Dynasties – was popular in Fujian by the middle of the Ming Dynasty. In the Fujian area of Yongchun - no matter whether in the city or the countryside - there were countless practitioners of martial arts! The Southern Shaolin System was prevalent but with such styles as ‘Taizu’ (太祖) or ‘Grand Ancestor’ and ‘Houquan’ (猴拳) or ‘Monkey Fist’ being very prevalent! The area was economically and culturally prosperous! The ‘History of the Ming Dynasty’ (明史 - Ming Shi), Volume 91, Martial Aspiration Three (兵志三 - Bing Zhi San) - Recollections (记载 - Ji Zai) states: ‘The people of Yongchun possess tremendous fighting-spirit and are highly skilled in martial arts practice!’ Therefore, it can be historically proved that the Yongchun people's practice of martial arts has been highly developed as early as the middle of the Ming Dynasty! ​
Picture
Yongchun White Crane Fist Focuses Upon Dextrous Upper Body Movements! Attacks Are Deadly and Direct!
Yongchun White Crane Fist is one of the seven major fighting styles developed in Fujian Province. It was founded during the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. It takes the ‘White Crane’ bird as its spiritual, psychological and physical inspiration (形 - Xing) or ‘Form’ (‘Kata’ in Japanese martial arts) and manifests this inspiration in its general fighting method! The White Crane practitioner understands how to ‘move’ and remain ‘still’ - and how to transition between these two states with a smooth and non-confused accuracy controlled by an underlying higher knowledge that embraces the practitioner, the opponent and the environment! Furthermore, a White Crane practitioner fully comprehends the ‘empty’ (虚 - Xu) and the ‘full’ (实 - Shi) and how and when each is to be used so that the opponent is continuously ‘uprooted’ - whilst the White Crane practitioner is continuously strengthened! All the energy channels in the body (the eight extraordinary and the twelve ordinary) are opened, unified and fully functioning (transporting and strengthening Qi 精, Jing 氣 and Shen 神)! As this is the case, the mind, body and spirit are unified, just as the bones and joints are aligned (allowing the bodyweight to drop into the ground – and effortlessly rebound back up and out of the body – through the relevant striking areas). All movement is perfectly timed, and the speed is so fast that an opponent has difficulty discerning the blows as they are naturally ‘released’ from the limbs of the White Crane practitioner! The hands and feet alternate with a perfect timing and balance that is bewildering to encounter! The White Crane practitioner can ‘vary’ the 'speed’ of each blow so as to bypass the habitual (and expected) movements of an opponent’s defensive reactions! The White Crane practitioner can be as solid as a mountain or as light a feather – depending upon the ‘intention’ of the practitioner and the necessity of the moment! Those who master these ‘internal’ Shaolin martial arts can appear to ‘manifest’ and ‘disappear’ at will – as they manipulate the perception of the opponent! This is why there is said to be a blend of ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ martial techniques! This style has been circulating in China and Southeast Asia for more than 300 years, and it is popular in Europe and the United States. As a consequence, this type of Chinese martial art is considered a quintessential manifestation of Chinese martial culture!  ​
Picture
Foreign Friends Learn White Crane Fist in Yongchun (Photo by Yao Dechun [姚德纯])
According to research - Ip Man (叶问 - Ye Wen) who is well-known at home and abroad as the teacher of the great Bruce Lee – taught his style of ‘Wing Chun Fist’ (咏春拳 - Yong Chun Quan) which was heavily influenced by the fighting techniques of Yongchun White Crane Fist. Bruce Lee used all this martial arts knowledge to later develop his system of fighting termed ‘Jeet Kune Do’ (截拳道 - Jie Quan Dao)! Furthermore, Chinese, Okinawan and Japanese scholars all agree that the style of fighting known as ‘Goju Ryu Karate-Do' (刚柔流空手道 - Gang Rou Liu Kong Shou Dao) has its theoretical and technical roots firmly embedded in the fertile martial ground that is Yongchun White Crane Fist!  ​
Chen Hong (陈弘) - the President of the China Yongchun White Crane Fist Research Association - pointed out that there are many technical similarities between Fujian Yongchun White Crane Fist and the Guangdong martial style known as ‘Wing Chun Kune’ (咏春拳 - Yong Chun Quan)! For instance, before issuing a blow, the Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioner must first centre his or her own mind, body and spirit – gather up the accumulated energy and direct this ball of power toward the ‘centre-line’ of the opponent’s body! This gather and emitting ‘internal’ and ‘external’ power through the Conception Vessel 任脉 - Ren Mai) - whilst targeting the Conception Vessel of the opponent! This is the real meaning behind the ‘Centre-Line Theory’ which many only pay lip-service to. This is identical to the ‘Centre-Line’ theory as found in Wing Chun (and many other martial systems)! Furthermore, Wing Chun is also famous for the power its practitioners produce during their ‘one-inch punch’ demonstrations! This is termed ‘寸劲’ (Cum Jin) or ‘inch strength’ or the ability to generate ‘explosive short-range power’! Within Yongchun White Crane Fist, this same ability is known as ‘寸劲节力’ (Cum Jin Jie Li) or ‘inch power direct energy’! In both systems the feet are generally rooted with the knees remaining flexible to accommodate a dextrous upper body which delivers fast and massively powerful blows of all descriptions, landing at all levels! These include open and closed hands, fore-arms, elbow-strikes, upper-arms, shoulder and blows with the head! The torso ‘twists’ left and right through the pelvis and around the spine – whilst swaying and leaning left and right (forward and back at oblique angles) – all through, around, away from and back to the ‘centre-line’! The famous ‘chi-sow’ (黐手 - Chi Shou) or ‘stick hand’ technique of Wing Chun is very similar to the ‘pan shou’ (盘手) ‘enveloping hand’ technique found in Yongchun White Crane Fist! Although Wing Chun has been developed for more than 100 years, and is a renowned style of fighting, nevertheless, the shadow of Yongchun White Crane Fist still clearly looms in the background!  ​
Picture
During 2019, the Students and Lecturers of Kyoto University of Culture and Education visited Yongchun for a Cultural Exchange and to Study Martial Arts!
Chen Hong (陈弘) has been researching the theory and practice of Yongchun White Crane Fist for many years, particularly with regards to practitioners living or taking refuge within Guangdong! During the Qing Dynasty reign of emperors Xianfeng (咸丰) [reigned 1850-1861] - and the Tongzhi (同治) emperor (reigned 1861-1875) - there lived a couple of Yongchun White Crane Masters named ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) and Chen Hu (陈湖) who took an active part in the Peasant Uprisings! Indeed, many such martial arts Masters participated in these uprising! Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全) led the ‘Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’ uprising which engulfed large parts of China – including Fujian province! ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) was personally appointed by Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全) as one of the ‘Strong Kings of Three Thousand Years’ - stationed in the Fujian area! This gave him command of thousands of Taiping troops! Despite many early victories and tremendous battles – the Taiping were defeated, and the surviving rebels had to flee! Many of these fugitives fled all over China whilst being pursued by a Qing Army led by ‘Zou Zongtang’ (左宗棠) - which drove them out of Fujian and into the Guangdong and Zhejiang areas – where the Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioners had to adopt disguises and live secret lives (whilst teaching disciples behind the scenes – often at night)! These survivors were inspired by ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊) - where his reputation is still bright and shining in China today! ​
During the mid-Qing Dynasty, with the increasingly frequent unofficial cultural exchanges between Okinawa (Ryukyu), Japan and Taiwan, some White Crane Fist disciples went to Dongying (东瀛) to teach martial arts; many Japanese merchants who travelled to the Mainland for business and employment, also began to learn White Crane Fist and transmitted it back to Japan. During 1877, Higaonna Kanryo travelled from Okinawa to Fuzhou and studied Yongchun White Crane Fist. After three years of intense training, Higaonna Kanryo returned to his home in Okinawa – transmitting White Crane Fist as he went! After integrating White Crane Fist with Okinawan fighting techniques – the art of ‘Goju Ryu’ Karate-Do was eventually developed (by Miyagi Chojun – the key disciple of Higaonna Kanryo in Okinawa). It is clear from this example that White Crane Fist rejuvenated the Okinawan fighting arts! Another example lies with ‘Wang Xiangui’ (吴贤贵) who used to work for the Fuzhou Tower River Water Ministry (福州台江水部的 - Fu Zhou Tai Jiang Shui Bu) - but in 1912 he travelled to Okinawa where he met Higaonna Kanryo – who had established the ‘Eternal Light’ (永光 - Yongguang) Tea Shop (茶行 - Cha Xing). As he saw that Higaonna Kanryo and his disciples already knew ‘Yongchun White Crane Fist’ - he decided to teach the Okinawans the ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ (鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan) variant! It was the disciples of Higaonna Kanryo who had trained with Wu Xiangui that formed the ‘Okinawa Strong Foundation Association’ (冲绳刚泊会 - Chong Sheng Gang Po Hui)! Tokashiki, the President of Japan's Okinawa Goju Ryu Karate-Do Association, has been searching for many years to find the identity of the Chinese Masters who taught Higaonna Kanryo! Finally, the source of Yongchun White Crane Fist in Okinawa was discovered in Fujian - and a "remarkable monument" was raised in the Fujian Provincial Sports Centre (in 1990)! ​
During October 1928, the first national martial arts examination was held in Nanjing since its abolition in 1911 – following the overthrow and abolition of the Qing Dynasty and its feudalist and imperialistic system! Yongchun County in Fujian sent a martial arts expert known as ‘Jin jing’ (晋京) - who placed first in every category and won every available award! Indeed, Yongchun as a place was awarded with the title ‘Central Hall of Martial Arts Execellence’  (中央国术馆 - Zhong Yang Guo Shu Guan)! This meant that a government-sponsored centre of martial arts practice was established, legally protected and funded in the Fujian area! The advent of Yongchun White Crane Fist in the 20th century served to strengthen China not only in the eyes of its own people – but also in the eyes of those across the world – a view held and expressed by Mr. Tan Kah Kee (陈嘉庚) - who further stated, ‘China as a country has been strengthened by the vigour of our own martial arts!’ He also said, ‘Promote the strengthening essence and eradicate the weak!’ During August 1929, in his honour, he requested that the Yongchun White Crane Fist School contribute to the formation of a ‘Central Martial Arts Hall Southern Fujian Martial Arts Touring and Exhibition Group’ be formed to travel around China and to do so abroad! Its first performance was at ‘Xingma’ (星马) - but became the first martial arts delegation to go abroad in the history of Chinese Martial arts - creating a precedent for overseas cultural exchanges focusing upon martial culture! 
Mr. Tan Kah Kee met with all the members of the martial arts troupe many times to promote the concept of ‘strengthening the country by promoting martial arts’, and on the spot, he gave the correct title to the Southern Fujian Martial Arts Troupe: ‘Who is the sick man of East Asia – Certainly not the Chinese people! This shame is eradicated by the mastery of Wu Weiyang (武维扬)! Do not forget that the grandsons and granddaughters of the Yellow Emperor can be reborn anywhere – even as fishes! Perhaps the Heros of the Central Plane Create Cities that are dry!’
Picture
Contrary to Western Propaganda - Students from The Taiwanese Region of China Visit Fuzhou Throughout the Years to Study Martial Arts!
In 2008, Yongchun White Crane Fist was included in the national heritage list as being of immeasurable cultural value! Today, there are an estimated 100,000 practitioners of Yongchun White Crane Fist, with thousands of experts and hundreds of top-class Masters! Fuzhou has also successfully held the first World Conference for Yongchun White Crane Fist – which attracted thousands of diverse people from all over the world – including many hundreds of Karate-Do practitioners! Yongchun White Crane Fist has also been a vehicle for good-natured and friendly exchanges across the straits! Throughout the martial arts competitions of the world - Yongchun White Crane Fist practitioners won more than 1,000 awards in various competitions at all levels! This style of martial culture is deeply rooted in Okinawa and across the world! As the theoretical and technical foundation for Okinawan Karate-Do – particularly GoJu Ryu – Yong Chun White Crane Fist has inspired a rich academic research genre, that has spread from educational facilities and on to the internet, as well as in books and in films! There have even been theatre performances, plays and other ‘live’ action and educational activities! At the same time, Yongchun White Crane Fist is entering the fields of health, culture and tourism, etc., and its comprehensive and all-round positive effect is becoming increasingly apparent. The United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, Moldova, Poland, the United States, Sweden, Switzerland, Iran, Malaysia and other countries, as well as Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, have all established professional organizations for the inheritance and practice of Yongchun White Crane Fist - in order to establish the ‘World Yongchun White Crane Fist Association' - which now has now laid a solid foundation.  ​
Reporter: Ceng Guangtai (曾广太) 
Correspondents: Chen Hong (陈弘) & Zhou Lili (周莉莉) - Text & Photographs (Except Signatured) ​
0 Comments

Email: Differences Between Northern & Southern Shaolin Temple Technique! (9.8.2022)

8/9/2022

0 Comments

 
Picture
Longfist Movements of the 'Eight Pole Fist' (八极拳 - Ba Ji Quan) Variant Performed in 1970 by a PLA Soldier in China! All These Movements Are Part of Our Family Style Premised Upon the 'Tongbai' (通背) Principle of Complete Power Generation - Which Interfaces with Taijiquan Methodology!
Dear Tony 
 
The differences between the Northern and Southern Shaolin Temple styles is a vast and contentious subject of debate both within and outside of China! One school of thought suggests that the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BCE) - although relatively short-lived - set the blueprint for everything we now associate with 'Qin-na' (or 'Sina' as the Romans referred to it)! It is said that every village was turned into a military barracks and that the Qin government issued an 'official' martial arts manual (premised upon 'Longfist') that was to be replicated throughout the empire! Although not yet discovered, if such a manual existed it would have been a cross-reference of all the known martial arts styles of the day. The best and most effective movements were chosen which are still practiced today.  
 
The thinking is that this single 'synthetic' style provided everyone with a single style which then 'evolved' into the hundreds of styles we know today after the Qin Dynasty collapsed and there was no longer any official pressure to keep the style exactly the same in all places! (The Qin introduced the idea that the same 'law' should be applied in all places and at all times for all people - Confucius had disagreed with this 'legalist' concept - stating that the upper-classes should do as they please whilst the peasants must be kept in order with severity). A modern equivalent of this type of manual is that of General Qi Ji Guang [1594~1644] (戚繼光). In fact, Chinese records state that he was a very well respected armed and unarmed martial artist who had trained with many renowned martial arts Masters and had applied these techniques on the battlefield! He wrote around forty volumes of books regarding martial and military matters. One that you might find interesting is his '拳经捷要篇' (Quan Jing Jie Yao Pian) or 'Fist Classic Victory Assured Record'.  
 
It is said that General Qi Ji Guang took 32 of the best unarmed movements that he knew and combined them into a single 'Form' (Kata) that could be easily taught to soldiers and Officers! Therefore, this manual is a historical snapshot of many of the martial arts styles that existed during the 16th century CE. This is an interesting Chinese language page entitled 'Qi Jiguang's Experiment: In Order to Adapt to Military Needs - Innovating Traditional Martial Arts!' (戚继光的试验:为适应军事需要,革新传统武术拳种) - which contains a number of pictures from the above-mentioned manual: 
 
https://www.163.com/dy/article/DIM2T1J10518EOV7.html 
 
This manual serves as 'evidence' - as opposed to 'hearsay' - or perhaps adds weight or takes weight away from legends and stories. As for the Hakka people - when they lived in Northern and Central China they practiced Northern martial styles - but when they migrated Southward - there was far less living room and so many Masters 'shortened' their styles - our Masters (in our family style) refused to do this and so we still have the old 'Northern' versions. Villages to the left and right of use, however, all practice the shortened (Southern) versions of Praying Mantis Fist (螳螂拳 - Tang Lang Quan) or developed shorter and more compact styles such as 'Iron Ox' (铁牛 - Tie Niu). Wing Chun (詠春) is a Cantonese art and so was not practiced in Hakka villages in the old days. Interestingly, in Fujian province, the Hakka people built 'Round House' fortifications so that all their life happened within the safety of a fort enclosure. This lack of space led to shorter martial styles.  The Hakka-Punti Clans Wars (1854-1867) was fought between the Hakka and the local (Cantonese) people and killed about one million or more! (See: https://files.geistlib.xyz/sharing/rec/被遗忘的战争%2C咸丰同治年间广东土客大械斗研究%20-%20刘平.pdf). The Hakka were defeated and for a time their culture was suppressed - including their martial arts (which had to be hidden away or altered to look like indigenous martial arts)! Our ‘Chan’ (陳) martial lineage had settled in the Sai Kung area of the New Territories around 1600 CE and escaped from any direct Qing Dynasty pressure during the 19th century. Although Master Chan Tin Sang knew many of the ‘shortened’ Southern styles - (the family village next door was the ‘Lim’ - 林) - as he was the Clan Leader (Chief) the inner circle practiced the older and more prestigious ‘Northern’ styles of ‘Longfist’ (長拳 - Chang Quan) - which is what we preserve in South London. Gee is next in line (and our two daughters).  
 
Thanks  
 
Adrian ​
0 Comments
<<Previous
    Picture

    Author

    Shifu Adrian Chan-Wyles (b. 1967) - Lineage (Generational) Inheritor of the Ch'an Dao Hakka Gongfu System.

    Archives

    May 2025
    April 2025
    March 2025
    February 2025
    January 2025
    December 2024
    November 2024
    October 2024
    September 2024
    August 2024
    July 2024
    June 2024
    April 2024
    March 2024
    February 2024
    January 2024
    December 2023
    November 2023
    October 2023
    September 2023
    August 2023
    July 2023
    June 2023
    May 2023
    April 2023
    March 2023
    February 2023
    January 2023
    December 2022
    November 2022
    October 2022
    September 2022
    August 2022
    July 2022
    June 2022
    May 2022
    April 2022
    March 2022
    February 2022
    December 2021
    November 2021
    October 2021
    August 2021
    July 2021
    June 2021
    April 2021
    March 2021
    February 2021
    January 2021
    December 2020
    August 2020
    July 2020
    October 2019
    September 2019

    Categories

    All
    £200
    000
    000 Years
    100 Million
    102
    10th Kyu
    118
    1372
    1392
    13th Century
    1437 CE
    14th Century
    14th Century CE
    15 Century
    1609 CE
    1644
    166 CE
    16th Century
    16th Century CE
    (1735-1796)
    17th Century CE
    18
    180°
    1800s
    1840-1959
    1852-1930
    1867-1881
    1867-1981
    1870s
    1877
    1879
    1879 CE
    1881
    1881-1939
    1883-1969
    1886
    1889-1937
    1889-1945
    1891-1927
    1893-2012
    1895
    18 Hands
    1900
    1901
    1902-1989
    1908-1984
    1910-1912
    1912-2003
    1915
    1916
    1917
    (1919-2008)
    1919-2008
    1921-1999
    1922
    1923
    1924
    1928
    1930
    1930s
    1933
    1934
    1935
    1936
    1937
    1940
    1940-2020
    1940s
    1941-1945
    1941-1995
    1942-1953
    1944
    1945
    1949
    1950s
    1951
    1952
    1953
    1956
    1964
    1966
    1968
    1971
    1972
    1973
    1975
    1978
    1979
    1980
    1980s
    1983
    1984
    1984-1984
    1985
    1986
    1987
    1988
    1990
    1991
    1997
    1999
    19th Century
    1st Dan
    1カケデ
    2
    2000
    2000 Edition
    2002-2007
    2005
    2006
    2007
    2008
    2010
    2011
    2012
    2015
    2016
    2019
    2021
    2022
    2023
    2024
    2025
    202 BC-25 AD
    20.7.1973
    221-206 BCE
    26-years-old
    300-years
    35-years-old
    36
    36 Families
    3rd Dan
    411
    45 Years
    4th Century CE
    5
    50
    50 Years
    520 CE
    520 Miles
    55 Days In Peking
    56Ibs
    56 Lbs
    581-618 CE
    58 Years Old
    5th Dan
    5th Degree
    60 Years
    618-907 CE
    630-894 CE
    65 Years Old
    68
    6th Century CE
    -7
    700 BCE
    700 BP
    733 CE
    (751-814)
    7.8
    79th Anniversary
    7th Century CE
    7th Kyu
    80-years-old
    85
    8th Dan
    8th Degree
    8th Kyu
    90cm-150cm
    !956
    95-years-old
    9th Kyu
    Abbey
    Abdomen
    Ability
    Aboriginal
    Absorb
    Academic
    Acarya
    Accept
    Access
    Accumulate
    Accumulated
    Accuracy
    Accurate
    Achievement
    Action
    Adapt
    Addiction
    Adjust
    Adoption
    Adrian
    Adrian Chan-Wyles
    Advance
    Advanced
    Advantage
    Africa
    African
    Africans
    Afterword
    Age
    Ageing
    Aggression
    Agility
    Aging
    Agreement
    Agricultural
    Aikido
    Ainu
    Airborne
    Alan Bound
    Alan Bound 1st Dan
    Alessandro Valignano
    Alfred Gregory Wyles
    Align
    Aligned
    Aligned Posture
    Alignment
    Allah
    All Directions
    All-embracing
    America
    American
    Amoy
    Analects
    Analysis
    Anatomy
    Ancestors
    Anchor
    Ancient
    Ancient Britain
    Ancient India
    Andy Smith
    Anger
    Anhui
    Animal
    Animals
    An Jin
    Annex
    Anthony Smith
    Anti-Asian
    Anti-China
    Anti-intellectualism
    Anti Japanese War
    Anti-Japanese War
    Anti-sword
    Aomori Prefecture
    Application
    Approach
    Appropriation
    Arab
    Arabs
    Aragaki Ryuko
    Aragaki Shuichi (新垣修一)
    Arahant
    Arahant Fist
    Arahant Fist (罗汉拳)
    ’Arahant Fist’ (罗汉拳 - Luo Han Quan)
    Arahant Seven Postures
    Archaeology
    Archealogy
    Archery
    Archibald Britton Wyles
    Archives
    Ardeous
    Arm
    Armed
    Armies
    Armour
    Arms
    Arm Strengthening
    Army
    Arrow
    Arrows
    Art
    Article
    Art Of War
    Arts
    Ashcroft Place
    Asia
    Asian
    Assassin
    Association
    At A Distance
    Athlete
    Athletic
    Atrocities
    Attack
    August
    Austronesians (南岛语 - Nan Dao Yu)
    Author
    Avoid
    Aware
    Awareness
    Baby
    Back
    Bad
    Badaling
    Badge
    Bad Luck
    Baduanjin
    Bagpipes
    Baguaquan
    Baguzhang
    Bag-work
    Bai
    Baidu
    Bai He Quan
    Baihequan
    'Bai Hui (百会)
    Bai-Yue
    'Bai Yue' (百越)
    Bajiquan
    Bak Hok
    Bak Hok Kune
    Balance
    Ball
    Ballet
    Bamboo
    Ba Min
    Ban
    Banana Village
    Bandits
    Bank
    Banking
    Banner
    Barbarian
    Barefoot
    Bare Knuckle
    Bare-knuckle
    Barracks
    Barrel
    Barrier
    Barrierless
    Barry Wilkinson 4th Dan
    Basic
    Basics
    Battle
    Battlefeild
    Battlefield
    Battle Kite
    Battles
    Bayonet
    BBC
    Beak
    Bear
    Beard
    Beauty
    Beggars
    Behaviour
    Beheading
    Beheadings
    Beijing
    Beijing Institute Of Archaeology
    Bei Shi Quan
    Belly-Splitting
    Belt
    Belts
    Bench
    Bend Well
    Benedictine
    Benin
    Bhante
    Bhikkhu
    Bian Que (扁鹊)
    Bias
    Big
    Bijie City
    Bile
    Bill
    Bing Fa
    Biography
    Biological
    Biology
    Bird
    Birmingham
    Birth
    Bizarre
    Bi (​笔)
    Black
    Black Belt
    Black Guard
    Blade
    Bladed
    Bleeding
    Blend
    Block
    Blood
    Blood Flow
    Blood-flow
    Blood Supply
    Blow
    Boat
    Boats
    Bob
    Bodhidharma
    Body
    Body Conditioning
    Body-conditioning
    Bodyguard
    Body Mechanics
    Body-weight
    Bodyweight
    Bojutsu
    Bokken
    Bombs
    Bone
    Bones
    Book
    Book Of Change
    Book Of Changes
    Book Of Documents
    Borrow
    Boulder
    Bounce
    Boundary
    Bow
    Bowls
    Box
    Boxe Française
    Boxer Rebellion
    Boxers
    Boxer Uprising
    'Boxer Uprising' (1898-1901)
    Boxing
    Bozhou (亳州)
    Bpdyweight
    Brahma
    Brain
    Brainwash
    Branch Temple
    Brave
    Bravery
    Brazil
    Brazilian
    Break
    Breath
    Breathe
    Breathing
    Breaths
    Brew
    Brian Victoria
    BriitisIh
    Brilliance
    ‘Brilliant Warrior Training Hall’ (明布馆 - Mei Bu Kan)
    Britain
    British
    British Army
    British Citizen
    British Colony
    British Isles
    British Subject
    Brittany
    Broadcast
    Broad Earth
    Broad Flatland
    Broken-bones
    Bronze Inscription
    Brother
    Bruce Lee
    Bruise
    Brutality
    Buddha
    Buddhism
    Buddhist
    Buddhist Temple
    Budo
    Bu-Fa
    Buffalo
    Building
    Bujutsu
    Bujutusu
    Bullshido
    Bunkai
    Burial
    Bus
    Bushido
    Business
    Butterfly
    Cadre
    Cai Mingcan
    Cai (蔡)
    Cai (蔡)
    Calm
    Camel
    Canals
    Cannons
    Cantonese
    Capacity
    Capillaries
    Capitalism
    Capture
    Card
    Cardiff
    Careful
    Caring
    Carriage
    Casual
    Cat
    Catch
    Catholic
    Cat Stance
    Causeway Bay World Fitness Club
    Cavalry
    Cave
    Celibate
    Cell
    Celsius
    Celt
    Celtic
    Ceng (曾)
    Central
    Centre
    Centred
    Centre-line
    Centre-mass
    Ceramic
    Cernunnos
    Certificate
    Chai
    Chain
    Challenge
    Cham Tin Sang
    Ch'an
    Chan
    Chance
    Ch'an Dao
    Ch'an Dao System
    Chan Family
    Change
    Change Classic
    Chang Quan
    Chan Hung-Yu
    Channel
    Channels
    Chan Si Jin
    Chan Tin Sang
    Chan Tin Sang (1924-1993)
    Chan Village
    Chan-Wyles
    Chan (陳)
    Chao
    Chaquan
    Character
    Characters
    Charcoal
    Charge
    Chariot
    Chariots
    Charles Johnson
    Charles W Johnson
    Chatroom
    Cha (查)
    Cheam
    Chemical
    Chemistry
    Chen
    Chen Heng Yu
    Chen Hongzong (陈宏宗)
    Chen Jiageng
    Chen Qiwen
    Chen Shumin (陈淑敏)
    ‘Chen Yijiu’ (陈依九)
    Chen (陈)
    Chen (陳)
    Chest
    Cheung Yat-tai
    'chhui' Or 'sui'
    Chiang Kai-Shek
    Chibana Chōshin
    Chief
    Chikashi Terao
    Chin
    China
    China Hand
    Chinese
    Chinese Children
    Chinese Gongfu
    Chinese Hand
    Chinese Imperial Army
    Chinese Lions
    Chinese Mecrimes
    Chinese Script
    Chinese Women
    Chinese Wrestling
    Chin Na
    Chinna
    ‘chi-sow’ (黐手 - Chi Shou)
    Chojun
    Chongqing
    Chongsheng
    Chop
    Chōtoku Kiyan
    Choy Li Fut
    Christian
    Chu-Dan
    Church
    Circle
    Circles
    Circuit
    Circulation
    Citizenshiip
    Civil
    Civilian
    Civility
    Clan
    Clandestine
    Claret
    Clarity
    Clasp
    Classic
    Classic Of Change
    Classic Of History
    Clay
    Clean
    Cleaning
    Clear
    Cleave
    Clever
    Cliff
    Climate
    Climate Change
    Clog
    Closed
    Clothes
    Clothing
    Cloud
    Club
    Club Constellation
    Coach
    Coins
    Cold
    Cold War
    Collaborate
    Collect
    Collection
    Collective
    College
    Colony
    Colour
    Coloured
    Combat
    Combination
    Comedy
    Commandant
    Comment
    Commercial
    Committed
    Committee
    Communal
    Communicate
    Communism
    Community
    Compassion
    Competition
    Complete
    Completeness
    Concave
    Concentration
    Concept
    Conception
    Conception Vessel
    Concepts
    Conditioining
    Conditioning
    Confidence
    Conflict
    Confucian
    Confucianism
    Confucius
    Confusion
    Congealed
    Connective
    Conscious
    Consciousness
    Considered
    Constantine I
    Constriction
    Consultative
    Contact
    Contain
    Contemplation
    Context
    Continuous
    Contract
    Control
    Controlling
    Convex
    Convey
    Copper
    Copy
    Cord
    Corners
    Cornwall
    Correct
    Corrections
    Corruption
    Cotton
    Council Estate
    Count
    Course
    Covid-19
    Coward
    Cowhide
    Coxinga
    CPC
    Craft
    Crafts
    Crane
    Crane Fist
    Crane Hand
    Crane Immortal
    'Crane's Nest Temple' (鹤巢寺 - He Chao Si)
    Crane Technique – Fujian Whooping Crane Fist’ (鹤法——福建鸣鹤拳 He Crane – Fu Jian Ming He Quan
    Crane Technique – Fujian Whooping Crane Fist’ (鹤法——福建鸣鹤拳 - He Crane – Fu Jian Ming He Quan
    Crawl
    Crimes
    Criminal
    Criticism
    Crooked Whip
    Cross
    Cross-Buttocks
    Cross-country
    Crossing
    Cross-legged
    Cross-step
    Cross-training
    Crown Road
    Crying
    Ctesias
    Cultivation
    Cultural
    Culture
    Cups
    Curved
    Cut
    Cut Gate
    Cuts
    CW Nicol
    Cycles
    Da Bu
    Da Dao
    Dagger
    Daggers
    DaiIchi
    DaiNi
    ‘Dai Nippon Butoku Kai’ (大日本武徳会)
    DaiSan
    Damage
    Dance
    Danger
    Dangerous
    Dan Tian
    Dantian
    Dao
    Daoism
    Daoist
    Dao Yin
    Daoyin
    Data
    Date
    David Lloyd - Cheam
    David Lloyd - Epsom
    Da Xiong Mao
    Da Zhuan
    D-Day
    Dead-limb
    Deadly
    Death
    Death-cut
    Death Touch
    Decades
    Deception
    Decipher
    Decisive
    Dedication
    Deep
    Deepening
    Deep-sea
    Deep Stances
    Deer
    Defeat
    Defence
    Defend
    Defense
    Deflect
    Defuse
    Delusion
    Demonstration
    Depth
    Destroy
    Destroyed
    Destruction
    Develop
    Development
    Dhamma
    Dharma
    Dharmakaya
    Dhyana
    Dialect
    Dialectic
    Diamond Sutra
    Diane Wyles
    Dian Mai
    Dian Xue
    Dictionary
    Difficult
    Dignity
    Dim Mak
    Direct
    Directed Boundaried Energy Capacity Open-Palm
    Directed Boundaried Palm
    Direction
    Disability
    Disappeared
    Disarm
    Disarmed
    Disc
    Discerning
    Disciple
    Disciples
    Discipline
    Discontinuous
    Discover
    Disease
    Disinformation
    Dislocate
    Disorder
    Disrespect
    Dissecting
    Dissolve
    Distance
    Distance Learning
    Distancing
    Distinguish
    Dit Da Jow
    Divert
    Divide
    Divination
    Divine
    Divine Sky
    Division
    DNA
    Do
    Document
    Dodge
    Dodging
    ‘Dogen’ [道元]
    Dog Fist
    Dogs
    Dojo
    Domestic
    Dominance
    Dominate
    Dongjiang Column
    Donn Draeger
    Door
    Doorway
    Dorset
    Double
    Double Edge
    Double-edge
    Double-handed
    Double-happiness
    Double Hip Twist
    Double Punch
    Douyin
    Dove
    Down
    Dragon
    Dragon And Tiger Interact (龙虎戏 - Long Hu Xi)
    Dragon Boat
    Dragon Dance
    Dragon Fist
    Draw
    Drawing Bow
    Drawing The Bow
    Drop
    Dropped
    Dropping
    Druid
    DT Suzuki
    Duality
    Duck
    Duddington
    Dummy
    Dust Whisk
    Dutch
    Duty
    Dynamic
    Dynasty
    Ear
    Ears
    Earth
    Earthenware
    East
    Easy
    Eat
    Ebergy Flow
    Eddie Daniels
    Edge
    Educate
    Education
    Effective
    Efficiency
    Efficient
    Effort
    Effortless
    Efort
    Ego
    Egypt
    Eight
    Eighteen
    Eighteen Arahant Fist
    Eight Gates
    Eight Trigrams
    Eikatsutatsu
    Elbow
    Elder
    Elderly
    Elephant & Castle
    Embrace
    Emei (峨眉)
    Emergency
    Emishi
    Emissary
    Emit
    Emperor
    Empire Of The Sun
    Empress Dowager Cixi
    Empty
    Empty Force
    Empty Hand
    Empty Step
    Encircle
    End
    Endurance
    Endure
    Enemy
    Energy
    English
    Enlightenment’ (悟 - Wu)
    Enter The Dragon
    Entwine
    Envelop
    Envelope
    Environment
    Environmentalist
    Envoy
    Equality
    Ernie Molyneux
    Errata
    Errors
    Essay
    Essence
    Essential Life Mind-body
    Essential Nature
    Esteemed
    Eternal Light
    Ethnic
    Ethnicity
    Ethnic Thai
    Etymology
    Eurocentric
    Eurocentricism
    Europe
    European
    Evade
    Evasion
    Evening
    Events
    Evidence
    Evolution
    Evolve
    Exact
    Exchange
    Exclude
    Excluded
    Exclusive
    Excommunication
    Execution
    Executions
    Exercise
    Exit
    Exorcism
    Expand
    Expansion
    Expansive
    Expel
    Expelled
    Experience
    Expert
    Expert Self-defence
    Explain
    Explosives
    Expo
    Expression
    Expressive
    Expulsion
    Extension
    Externa
    External
    External Qigong
    Eye-strike
    Face
    Face-to-face
    Fact
    Fairfield Centre
    Fake
    Fall
    False
    Familiar
    Family
    Family Crest
    Fang Gang
    Fang Ligui (房利贵)
    Fang Qiniang’ (方七娘)
    ‘Fang Zhonggong’ (方种公)
    Fan Yinglian (范应莲)
    Farm
    Farming
    Farming Tools
    Fars
    Fast
    Father
    Father-to-son
    Fear
    Federation
    Feeding (食 - Shi)
    Feeling
    Fees
    Feet
    Feng Shui
    Ferocious
    Fertility
    Fiction
    Field
    Field Grand Blad
    Fight
    Fight I
    Fighting
    Figure
    Fiilm
    Filipino
    Film
    Films
    Finchley
    Finger
    Fire
    Fire Power
    Firm
    First
    First Opium War (1839)
    Fist
    Fist Classic Victory Assured Record
    ‘Fist Frame’ (拳架-Quan Jia
    Fists
    Fitness
    Five
    Five Ancestors
    Five Elements
    Five Feet
    Five Phases
    Five Steps
    Flail
    Flat
    Fleet
    Flesh
    Flexible
    Flick
    Flicking
    Flight
    Float
    Floating
    Floor
    Florian Poupard
    Flow
    Flowers
    Fluid
    Fluidity
    Flying
    Flying (飞 - Fei)
    Fly Whisk
    Focus
    Folk
    Follow
    Following
    Food
    Foot
    Foot-law
    Foot Position
    Foot-print
    ‘foot’ Root (脚根 - Jiao Gen)
    Footwork
    Force
    Fore-head
    Foreign
    Foreigners
    Forest
    Forest Prayer
    Forests
    Forgive
    Form
    Forms
    Fortress
    Forward
    Forward Stance
    Foundation
    Foundations
    Four
    Fragrant
    Frame
    Frames
    France
    Frank Johnson 6th Dan
    Fraud
    Free
    Freed
    Freedom
    Free Fighting
    Free-flowing
    Free Hand
    Free Stance
    Free-standing
    Freeze
    Freezing
    French
    Frequency
    Frog
    Front
    Fruit
    Fujian
    Fujian Province
    Full
    Funakoshi Gichin
    Function
    Fung Ngan
    Fuqing
    Fu Ta Tsue
    Future
    Fuzhou
    Gael
    Gaelic
    Galatia
    Game
    Gam Mi
    Gang
    Gao (高)
    Gap
    Gate
    Gaul
    Ge-Dan
    Ge-Dan Bara-I
    Gedan Barai
    Ge-Dan Hara-I
    Gedan Harai
    Gee
    Gee Wyles
    Ge Hong (葛洪)
    Gekisai
    GekisaiDaichi
    Gekisaidaini
    Geksai
    Gene Ching
    General Qi Ji Guang
    Generation Qi
    Generations
    Genetic
    Genetic Diversity In Japan A Genetic Study
    Genetics
    Gentle
    Gentleness
    Genuine
    Genzi
    Geography
    George Andrews
    George Andrews 7th Dan
    George Kerr
    Gi
    Giant
    Giant Buddha
    Giant Sword
    Gichin Funakoshi
    Gift
    Gifts
    Gillian
    Gillian Chang
    Gilt
    Gim
    Give Way
    Giving-up
    Giving-way
    Glastonbury
    Glastonbury Tor
    Glide
    Gloves
    Go
    Godan
    Go Genki
    Goju
    Goju Kai
    Goju Ryu
    Goju-Ryu
    Goju Ryu Karate Do
    Goju Ryu Karate-Do
    Goju-Ryu Karate-Do
    Goju Ryu (刚柔流)
    Go Ken Ki
    Gold
    Golden Belt
    Golden Rooster
    Gongfu
    Good
    Good Luck
    Goods
    Governing
    Governing Vessel
    Grabbing
    Grades
    Grading
    Gradings
    Grain
    Grandfather
    Grand Ridge-pole
    Grand Temple
    Grapple
    Grappling
    Grasp
    Grave
    Gravity
    Great Bear Cat
    Great Heat Wine
    Great Treatise
    Great Wall
    Great Way
    Greece
    Greed
    Greed#
    Greeks
    Grip
    Groin
    Ground
    Grove Road
    Gua
    Guan
    Guan Dao
    Guangdong
    Guan Gong
    Guangzhou
    Guard
    Guard Dogs
    Guest People
    Guide
    Guiding
    Guildford
    Guizhou
    ​𠃌 (gun3)
    Guru
    Gwoon
    Gyaku Tsuki
    Gyaku Zuk
    Gypsy
    Hachinohe Citty
    Hads
    Hainan
    Hair
    Hairpin
    Hairpins
    Hakka
    Hakka Chinese
    Hakka Gold
    Hakka Gongfu
    Hakkaku Hei-ho
    Hakka-Punti Clan Wars
    Hakka Warriors
    Halal
    Halberb
    Hall
    Halt
    Hammer
    Hamon
    Han
    Hand
    Hand-Blade (手刀
    Hands
    Hand-stand
    Hand-to-hand
    Han Dynasty
    Hang
    Hanyu
    Han (韩)
    Hara
    Harae
    Hara-Kiri
    Hard
    Hard Qigong
    Hardship
    Hard-Soft
    Harmonious
    Harmonious Way School
    Harmony
    Harsh
    Hatred
    Hawaii
    He
    Head
    Head Monk
    ‘head’ Root (顶根 - Ding Gen).
    Healing
    Health
    Heart
    Heart Meridian
    Heat
    Heaviness
    Heavy
    Heel
    Heian Period
    Height
    He Jinbao
    Help
    Henan
    Henrik Larson
    Herbs
    Hereford
    Hereford Leisure Centre
    Hereford Times
    Hermit
    Hexagram
    Hexagram 56
    Hidden
    Higaonna
    Higaonna Family
    Higaonna Kanryo
    Higaonna Kanryō
    Higaonna Morio
    Higaonna Onna
    Higaoona Kanryo
    High
    Hikers
    Hiking
    Hill Running
    Hills
    Hinge
    Hinton Community Centre
    Hinton Leisure Centre
    Hip
    Hip Twist
    Hiragana
    Hiroki Miyagi
    Hironori Otsuka (1892-1982)
    History
    Hitting
    Hojo
    Hokkian
    Hokkien
    Hold
    Holding
    Holding The Ball
    Holistic
    Hollow
    Home
    Honesty
    Hong Family Fist
    Hong Fist
    Hong Jia Quan
    Hong Kong
    Hong Quan
    Hongwu
    Hong Xiuquan (洪秀全)
    Honour Fight
    Hook
    Hope
    Horizontal
    Horns
    Horror
    Horse
    Horses
    Horse Stance
    Horton Hospital
    Hot
    Hotel
    Hourglass
    Howard Johnson
    Hua Jin
    Hua-tou
    Hub
    Hubei
    Hu Cha
    Hucheng
    Hug
    Hui
    Humanity
    Humans
    Humour
    Hunan
    Hundred
    Hung Gar
    Hung Gar Kuen
    Hung Kuen
    Hunting
    Hunyuan
    Hunyuan Xingyi Taiji Gate (浑元形意太极门)
    Iaido
    I Ching
    Identical
    Identity
    Ideogram
    Ideograms
    Ideology
    Idiiom
    Ignorant
    Ill Health
    Illness
    Imagination
    Imdia
    Immigration Act 1948
    Immortal
    Impact
    Imperial
    Imperialism
    Imperial Japan
    Imperial Japanese
    Incense
    Inconsistent
    Increase
    India
    Indian
    Indian Yogi
    Indifference
    Indigenous
    Indo-China
    Indoor
    Inflated
    Influence
    Influencers
    Inheritance
    Inheritor
    Inhibit
    Injury
    Inner
    Inner Organs
    Inner Strength
    Inner Vision
    Inscription
    Insight
    Inspection
    Insult
    Insurance
    Intake
    Intangible
    Integrate
    Integrated
    Integration
    Integrity
    Intelligence
    Intensity
    Intent
    Intention
    Interaction
    Intercept
    Interlock
    Internal
    International
    Internet
    Interplay
    Intersperse
    Invasion
    Inverte
    Invisible
    IOGKF
    Ip Man (叶问 - Ye Wen)
    Iran
    Ireland
    Irish
    Iron
    Iron Fighting Wine
    Iron Ox
    Iron Vest
    Islam
    Islamic
    Island
    Jab
    Jade
    Japa
    Japan
    Japane
    Japanese
    Japanese Kanji
    Japanese Karate
    Jar
    Java
    Jaws Of Death
    Jeet Kune Do
    Jesuit
    Jet Li
    JG Ballard
    Jian
    Jiang Daochang
    Jiangxi
    Jiang Xuezhen
    ‘Jiao Lian’ (教练)
    Jia Wen
    Jimi Hendrix
    Jimmy H Woo
    Jimmy Woo
    ‘Jinan Shinzato’ (新里仁安).
    Jinan Shinzato (新里仁安)
    Jin Dynasty
    Jing
    Jing Nan
    Jing Wu
    'jing' [精
    ‘Jin Jing’ (晋京)
    Jin (劲4)
    Jin (金)
    Jitsu
    Jiu Jitsu
    Ji (吉)
    Jo-Dan
    Joe Fraser
    Jogging
    John Charles Oswald (1856-1900)
    Johnny Woo
    Joint
    Joints
    Joke
    Jomon
    Jorge Monteiro
    Journal
    Joy
    Ju
    Judging Official
    Judo
    Ju Jitsu
    Jujutsu
    Julius Ceasar
    Jump
    Jun
    June 9th
    Jun Tsuki
    Junzi
    Jun Zuki
    Justice
    Ka
    Kaiten
    Kai Yuan (开元)
    Kakazu Yoshimasa
    Kakeai
    Kake-Te'
    Kakete
    Kakie
    'Kakie' (カキエ)
    ‘Kakie’ (カキエ)
    Kaki-Ti'
    Kaku
    Kaku No Te
    ‘Kaku’ [か]
    Kame
    Kamiya Jinsei (神谷仁清)
    Ka Mon
    Kan
    Kanda
    Kang (康)
    Kanji
    Kanryo
    'Kao Ji' (靠基)
    Kara-Te
    Karate
    Karate Do
    Karate-Do
    Karate-Do Committee
    ‘Karate-Do – How To Enjoy Practice’
    Karate-Do (空手道)
    Karate-Dp
    Karate-Jitsu
    Kasturen Castle
    Kata
    Katakana
    Katana
    Katas
    Keijia
    Kelt
    Keltoi
    Kendo
    Kenjutsu
    Kenryo
    Kevin Chaplin
    Khan
    Khufu
    Ki
    Ki-ai
    Kibg
    Kick
    Kick-bag
    Kick-boxing
    Kicking
    Kicking Power
    Ki-flow
    Kill
    Killick House
    Killing
    Kilt
    Kime
    Kind
    King
    Kingai-Ryu
    King Arthur
    Kingston-Upon-Thames
    King Wah
    Kinjo Kanemori (金城兼盛)
    Kite
    KMT
    Knee
    Knee-pads
    Knees
    Knife
    Knives
    Knocked
    Knockout
    Know
    Knowing
    Knowledge
    Knowledgeable
    Knuckle
    KO
    'koa-kui' Or 'khoa-kui'
    Kobayashi Ryu
    Kobudo
    Kobujutsun
    Komeikan
    Kong
    Kong Fuzi
    Kongoken'
    Kong Shou
    Kong Xing
    Korea
    Korean
    Koshinage (腰投げ)
    Kouki
    Kume
    Kume Village
    Kumi
    Kumi-te
    Kumite
    Kung Fu
    Kung Fu Hustle
    Kungfu Tai Chi Magazine
    Kun (昆)
    Kururunfa
    Kururunfu
    Kwoon
    Kyoto
    Kyushu
    Labour
    Labour Party
    LA Fitness - Ewell East
    Land
    Language
    Lantern Festival
    Lan Tou
    Latin
    Law
    Leader
    Leadership
    Leading
    "leading Frame" (领架 - Ling Jia)
    Lean
    Learn
    Learning
    Leather
    Leatherhead
    Left-hand
    Leg
    Legal
    Leg Conditioning
    Leg Endurance
    Leg Power
    Legs
    Leg Strength
    Leg Strengthening
    Leicester
    Leigong (雷公)
    Leisure
    Leisure Centres
    Leningrad
    Leopard
    Letter
    Level
    Liang (梁)
    Lies
    Life
    ‘Life Gate’ (命门 - Ming Gen)
    Lifetime
    Li Force
    Lift
    Ligaments
    Light
    Lightness
    Ligsments
    Li Liangxing (李良兴)
    Lily Chiu
    Limb
    Limbs
    Limit
    Lin Dachong
    'Lin Dachong' (林达崇)
    'Lin Dachong' (林达崇)
    Lin Dachong’ (林达崇)
    Lin Dachong’ (林达崇)
    Line
    Lineage
    Ling Kong Jin
    Ling Kong Neng Liang Shou
    Ling Kong Shou
    Ling Kong Zhang
    Lin Jingfeng
    Lin Jingfeng (林竞峰) [1947-2018]
    ‘Lin Jun’ (林俊)
    Link
    Lin Weigong
    ‘Lin Weigong’ (林伟功)
    Lin Weigong (林伟功)
    Lin (林)
    Lin (林)
    Lion Law
    Lists
    Literacy
    Literature
    Little Dragon
    Liu
    ‘Liu Liangxing’ (刘良兴)
    Liu Long (Gong)
    Liu Longgong
    Liu Qiu
    Liuqiu
    ‘Liuqiu’ (流求)
    ‘Liuqiu’ (琉球)
    Liu Shi
    Liu Wei Liu
    ‘Liu Xiangjing’ (刘祥京)
    Livestream
    Li Xingyou (李兴友)
    Li Yinggang
    Lizard
    Liz Wan
    Liz Yin
    Li (李)
    Location
    Lock
    Logic
    #london
    London
    London Prize Fighting Rules
    Long
    Longevity
    Longfist
    Long Stance
    Long Sword
    Loom
    ‘loosening’ (松 - Song)
    Lord
    Lord Guan
    Loss
    Louhan Quan
    Louhanquan
    Louzi
    Love
    Loving Kindness
    Loving-kindness
    Low
    Lower
    Lower Block
    Lowering
    Lowing
    Loyal
    Lu
    Lumbar
    Lunar
    Lung
    Lunge
    Lun Yu
    LunYu
    Luo Han
    Luohan
    Luo Han Quan
    Luohan Quan
    ‘Luo’ (罗)
    Lu Zijian
    Ma Baoguo (马保国)
    ‘Ma Bin’ - 马斌
    Ma Bu
    Mabuni Kenwa
    Machine
    Macho
    Macrocosmic
    Madam Cheung Yuet-Tai
    ‘Ma Defeng’ (马德峰)
    Ma Family
    Magazine
    Magic
    Maim
    Mainland
    Makiwawa
    Malacca
    Malarial
    Malaysia
    Malcolm
    Ma Luwei
    Manchu Bannermen
    Manchuria
    Mane
    Manipulate
    Manipulation
    Mannequin
    Manual
    Manuals
    Manufacture
    Manure
    Manx
    Mao (毛)
    Map
    Maria Manalastas
    Maritime Sea Road
    Mark Edward Lewis
    Marrow
    Martial
    Martial Arets
    Martial Art
    Martial Arts
    ‘Marutani Takeo’ [丸谷武雄]
    Masahiko Ando
    Mask
    Masonic Lodge
    Massacre
    Master
    Master Chan
    Master Chan Ting
    Master Chan Tin Sang
    Master Chan Tin Sang (1924 1993)
    Master Chan Tin Sang (1924-1993)
    Master Hai Deng
    Master Nakaima Genkai
    Master Qingding
    ‘Master Ti Guang’ [体光]
    Master Xu Yun
    Mastery
    Master Yuan Xiugang (袁修钢) -
    Master Yu Danqiu (余丹秋)
    Mat
    Matayoshi Shinpou (又吉真豊)
    Material
    Matter
    Mature
    Maturity
    Maturtity
    Mawashi Uke
    ‘Ma Xiaoyang’ (马晓阳)
    May
    May23rd
    ‘Ma Zhongyi’ (马忠义)
    MAZIAR KEBAT
    Ma (马)
    MDNA.Paternal
    Meaning
    Measure
    Mechanics
    Medical
    Medicine
    Medieval
    Medieval Japan
    Meditation
    Medium
    Medulla Oblongata
    Meet Fist Way
    Mei
    Meibukan
    Meiji
    Meiji Restoration
    Mekura Kenichi
    Memory
    Meng Bin
    Meng Jiao [孟郊]
    Mental
    Merchants
    Merge
    Meridian
    Merry Christmas Mr Lawrence
    Metal
    ‘Metal Strength Elongated Ring’
    Metaphysical
    Method
    Mianzi
    'Miao Xing' (妙兴))
    Microcosmic
    Middle
    Middle-aged
    Middle Block
    Migration
    Militarism
    Military
    Military Law
    Min
    Mind
    Mind Ground
    Ming
    Ming Dynasty
    Ming He Quan
    Minghequan
    Ming Jin
    Min Nan
    Minute
    Misleading
    Misogi
    Missionaries
    Missionary
    Mitsugu Sakihara
    Miyagi
    Miyagi Anichi
    Miyagi Anichi’ (宫城安一)
    ‘Miyagi Anichi’ [宮城安一] (1931-2009)
    Miyagi Chojun
    ​Miyagi Chojun (宫城长顺)
    Miyagi Chojun (宫城长顺)
    Miyagi Chosho
    Miyagi Takashi
    Miyagi Takashi (1951)
    Miyagi Takashi [宮城敬]
    Miyagi Takashi [宮城敬]
    Miyagi Toru
    ‘Miyazato Eiichi’ [宮里栄] (1922-1999).
    MMA
    Modern
    Modernity
    Momentum
    Monastic
    Monasticism
    Monastics
    Money
    Monk
    Monkey
    Monks
    Monument
    Mooing
    Moon
    Morality
    Morning
    Morphine
    Mosque
    Motobu Chaoji (本部朝基)
    Motobu Chaoji [本部朝基]
    Motobu Choki
    Mould
    Mountain
    Mountains
    Mourning
    Move
    Movement
    Movements
    Movemet
    Movies
    Moving Zen
    Moxibustion
    Mr George
    Mr Harada
    Mr. Huang Teng (黄腾)
    Mr Kenichi Ginkari (铭苅拳一 - Ming Yi Quan Yi)
    Mr Masaru Suzuki
    Mr Miyazato Eiichi (宫里荣一)
    ​Mr. Motobu [本部]
    Mr Wong
    Muay Thai
    Muchimi
    Mud
    Mufu
    Muhammed Ali
    Multiply
    Mural
    MURASAKIMURA Dojo
    Murder
    Muscle
    Muscles
    Muslim
    Muslims
    Mu (穆)
    Myagi Chojun
    Myiyagi Anichi
    Mystery
    Myth
    Nagamine Masamune (长岭将真)
    Naha
    Naha City
    Naha Te
    Naha-Te
    ‘Naha Te’ (那霸手 - Na Ha Shou)
    Naive
    Nakaima Norisato
    Nakamoto Masabu (仲本政傅)
    Nakamura Tetsuji
    Nakamura Tetsuji Ernie Molyneux Henrik Larson Yamashiro Katsuya Jorge Monteiro
    Naked
    Name
    Names
    Naming
    Nanjing
    Nan Quan
    Nanquan
    National
    Nationalist
    National Park
    National Tongliang Dragon Dance Troupe
    Natural
    Nature
    Neck
    Negotiate
    Nei
    Neidan
    Neigong
    Neijing
    Nekoashi
    Nerve-bundle
    Nervous
    Nest
    New
    New China
    News
    Newspaper
    New Teritories
    New Territories
    New Zealand
    Nexus
    NHK
    Ninja
    Nippon
    Nippon Budokan (日本武道館)
    No
    No. 2
    Nobility
    Non-action
    Non-alignment
    Non-Chinese
    Non-delusion
    Non-effort
    Non-greed
    Non-Han
    Non-hatred
    Non-martial Arts
    Non-rootedness
    Nonsuch School
    Normality
    Normandy
    North
    Northamptonshire
    North Chean
    North China
    Northern
    Northern Fist
    Northern Gongfu
    Northern Horse
    North London
    Northwest
    Notion
    Nuance
    Nullify
    Numb
    Number
    Numbers
    Nunchaku
    Oak
    Obedience
    Objective
    Oblate
    Obscure
    Observation
    Obstruction
    Ocean
    Oceania
    October
    Oda Nobunaga
    Offences
    Offense
    Officials
    Oi
    Oi Tsuki
    Oi Zuki
    Okinawa
    Okinawa: An Island People
    Okinawan
    Okinawan Karate
    Old
    Old Age
    Old China
    Old Chinese
    Older
    Old Man
    Old Shoe
    O-M119
    O-M122
    O-M268
    Omastics
    One
    Oneness
    One Sided Horse
    Online
    Open
    Open Hand
    Open-hand
    Open-Space
    Opium
    Opium Pipe
    Opponent
    Oppression
    Order
    Organs
    Oriental City
    Origin
    ‘Orthodox Karate-Do – An Introduction’
    O'Sensei Higaonna Morio
    O Sensei Kimura Shigeru (10th Dan) [1941-1995]
    Otachi
    Out
    Outer
    Outlet
    Outside
    Out-smart
    Overcome
    Ownership
    Ox
    Oxford
    Oxyden
    Oxygen
    Pace
    Pacific
    Pacific War
    Pacific War (1941-1945)
    Padded
    Pain
    Pain-killing
    Pair
    Palm
    Palms
    Panda Bear
    Pan Guan (判官)
    ‘pan Shou’ (盘手)
    Pan Yu
    Pan Yu Ba
    'Pan Yu Ba' (盘屿八
    ‘Pan Yu Ba’ (盘屿八)
    Paper
    Paralysis
    Paris
    Park
    Parry
    Particle
    Parts
    Pass
    Past
    Patch
    Path
    Pattern
    Patterns
    Payment
    Peace
    Peasant
    Pelvipelvic-girdle
    Pen
    Penetrate
    Penis
    People's Daily
    People's Militia
    Perception
    Perch
    Perfect
    Perfection
    Permanent
    Permission
    Persia
    Persona Non-grata
    Peter Irving
    'Pheonix Eye Fist' (凤凰眼拳
    Pheonix Eye Strike
    Philippines
    Philosophy
    Photgraphs
    Photograph
    Photographs
    Physical
    Physical Fitness Instructor
    Picts
    Pictures
    Pierce
    Piety Association
    Pik Wan
    Pin
    Pinan
    Ping
    Pitch-fork
    Pivot
    PLA
    Place
    Placement
    Plaid
    Planning
    Plastic
    Play
    Playing
    Plotinus
    Plunge
    Poer
    Poetry
    Point
    Points
    Poise
    Polarity
    Pole
    Police
    Polish
    Polite
    Politics
    Pollution
    Pony
    Poole
    Popularity
    Porcelain
    Port
    Portuguese Slavery
    Positioining
    Position
    Positional
    Positioning
    Positive
    Post-1945
    Post Office
    Postures
    Pot
    Pottery
    Poverty
    POW
    Power
    Power-fluidity
    Powerful
    Power Hitting
    Power-hitting
    POWs
    Practice
    Prajna
    Praying Mantis
    PRC
    Precise
    Precision
    Predatory Capitalism
    Pre-exist
    Prefecture
    Pre-Islam
    Preparation
    Prepare
    Prescription
    Presence
    Present
    Preservation
    Press
    Pressure
    Pressure-point
    Pressure Points
    Pressure Point Striking
    Prevail
    Prevailing
    Principles
    Print
    Prisoner
    Pristine
    Production
    Professional
    Profit
    Profound
    Profundities
    Prohibit
    Protect
    Protection
    Province
    Psyche
    Psychology
    PTI
    Published
    Published Article
    Publishing
    Publushing
    Pugilist
    Pull
    Puma
    Punch
    Punch-bag
    Punching
    Punish
    Punishment
    Punti
    Pure
    Purification
    Purify
    Purpose
    Pursue
    Push
    Push Hands
    Putian
    Putonghua
    Qi
    Qianfeng School
    Qiang
    Qianlong
    Qian (钱)
    Qi Channels
    Qi Energvital Force
    Qi Energy
    Qi Flow
    Qi-flow
    Qigong
    Qigong (气功)
    Qi Jiguang
    Qi Magazine
    Qin
    Qin Dynasty
    Qing
    Qingding
    Qing Dynasty
    Qinghai
    Qingming
    Qin Na
    Qinna
    Qiu
    ‘qi’ (气)
    'qi' [氣]
    Quadriceps
    Quan
    Quanzhou
    Quarterly
    Queensbury Rules
    Qur'an
    Qu Shou
    Racing
    Racism
    Radical
    Rain
    Raised
    Rama
    Ram Muay
    Ran-Dori
    Randori
    Range
    Ran-Tori
    Rape
    Rape Of Beijing
    Rare
    Rattan Ring
    React
    Realism
    Reality
    Reality Gongfu
    Reason
    Re-attach
    Rebound
    Rebounding
    Receive
    Recognition
    Record
    Records
    Red Hill
    Redhill
    Re-direct
    Redirect
    Reference
    Refine
    Reflection
    Reflex
    Regulation
    Reigate
    Rein
    Reject
    Rejected
    Relax
    Relaxation
    Relaxation’ (弛 - Chi)
    Relaxed
    Religion
    Relocate
    Removal
    Renting
    Ren Zhe
    Repetition
    Replemish
    Report
    Representative
    Republic
    Reputation
    Research
    Resist
    Resistance
    Resolution
    Resolve
    Respect
    Rest
    Restore
    Restuarant
    Retail
    Retainer
    Retirement Homes
    Retreat
    Retreive
    Retrieve
    Revenge
    Reverse
    Revised
    Revolutionary
    Revolve
    Rice
    Rice Fields
    Rich
    Richard Hunn
    Rickshaw
    Ride
    Ridicule
    Riding
    Right
    Righteous
    Right-hand
    Right-hook
    Rightness
    Rigid
    ‘rigid’ (刚 - Gang)
    Rinan’ (日南)
    Ring
    Rip
    Rise
    Rising
    Ritsumeikan University
    Ritsumei University
    Ritual
    Ritual Dance
    River
    Road
    Robber
    Robust
    Rock
    Rock-climbing
    ROK
    Roll
    Rolled
    Roman
    Romans
    Romany
    Roof-tile
    Root
    Rooted
    Rootedness
    Rope
    Ross Road
    Rotate
    Rou
    Round
    Rounded
    Rounded Joints
    Round House
    Round-house
    Round-kick
    Rou Shu
    Royalty
    R Squadron
    Ruan (阮)
    Ruck Sack
    Rucksack
    Rule
    Run
    Running
    Ru Ru Ge
    Ru Ru Ko
    RU-RU-KO
    Russia
    Russian
    Ru Tu Ge
    Ryu
    Ryuei Ryu
    Ryu Kyu
    Ryukyu
    ‘Ryukyu Fist Law Tang Hand Way Historical Developmental Overview’ (琉球拳法唐手道沿革概要 - Liu Qiu Quan Fa Tang Shou Dao Yan Ge Gai Yao).
    Ryu Kyu Islands
    Ryu Ryu Ko
    Saba
    Sabot
    Sabotage
    Sacrifical Vessel
    Sacrifice
    Saddle
    Safe
    Sai
    Saifa
    Sai Kung
    Sai Kung Area
    Sai Kung Town
    Sailing
    Sailors
    Samadhi
    Samming City
    Samurai
    Sanch
    Sanchin
    Sanchin Kata
    Sanchin-stepping
    Sand
    Sanda
    Sangha
    Sanseiru
    San Soo
    San Zhan
    'San Zhan' (三战)
    SAR
    SAS
    Sashes
    Savate
    Scale
    Scapegoating
    Scattered
    Scholar
    Scholars
    School
    Science
    Science Advances
    Scott Hut
    Scout Hut
    Scraps
    Script
    Scroll
    Scts
    Sea
    Sea-bed
    Seal
    Seal Script
    Secrecy
    Section
    Secure
    Seeing
    Seipa
    Seipai
    Seisan
    Seize
    Self-cultivation
    Self-defence
    Self-development
    Self-serving
    Sell
    Seminar
    Senaka No Kitae
    Sensei
    Sensei Alan Bound
    Sensei Kimura Shigera
    Sensei Tony Smith
    Senshi
    Sensie Kimura Shigeru
    Sensitivity
    Sentence
    Sepai
    Sequence
    Seres
    Servants
    Set
    Settle
    Settlement
    Seunchin
    Severe
    Shaft
    Shake
    Shaking
    ‘shaking’ (摇 Yao)
    ‘shaking’ (摇 - Yao)
    Shallow
    Shaman
    Shan
    Shandong
    Shang
    Shang Dynasty
    Shanghai
    Shanghai Karate Kobudo Bozheng
    Shanghai Wushu Association
    Shang Heng
    Shaolin
    ‘Shaolin Five Ancestor Fist’ (少林五祖拳 - Shao Lin Wu Zu Quan)
    Shaolin Temple
    Shaolin (少林)
    Shape
    Sharp
    Shatter
    Shen
    Shen Shanxi
    ‘Shen’ (慎)
    Shen (慎)
    Shen (沈)
    Shiatsu
    Shi Fa
    Shift
    Shifting
    Shifu
    Shifu (師父)
    Shi Gong
    Shi Jiaming (石佳明)
    Shiko
    Shi Mingyu’ (释明余)
    Shinto
    Shipping
    Ships
    Shipwrecks
    Shito Ryu
    Shito Ryu (系东流)
    Shi Xingzheng
    Shoichin
    Shop
    Shorinji Kempo
    Shorin Ryu
    Short
    Short-Form
    Short-sword
    Sho Shin
    Shotokan
    Shotokan Ryu (松涛馆流的)
    Shou
    Shoulder
    Shout
    Showa
    Shu
    Shuang Jie Gun
    ​Shuang (双)
    Shuffle
    Shuijing
    Shu Jing
    Shukokai
    Shukokai Karate
    Shuri
    Shuriken
    Shuri Ryu
    Shuri Te
    Shuri-Te
    Si
    Siam
    Sichuan
    Sickle
    Siddalls Gardens
    Side
    Signatute
    Signed
    Silence
    Silk
    Sil Long
    Silver
    Simplicuty
    Singing
    Singing (鸣 - Ming)
    Single
    Single-edge
    Single Whip
    Sink
    Sino Japanese War
    Sino-Japanese War
    Situation
    Six Feet
    Six Lines
    SKF
    Skiing
    Skill
    Skin
    Skinning
    Skull
    Sky
    Slam
    Slap
    Slaves
    Sleep
    Slender
    Slice
    Slide
    Slip
    Slips
    Slither
    Slow
    Small
    Small Holding
    Small Tiger
    Smash
    Smith
    Smoking Pipe
    Smooth
    Snake
    Snake Creeps Down
    Snakes
    SNCO
    Sniper
    Sniping
    Snow
    Social
    Socialism
    Society
    Sō Dōshin (宗道臣) [1911-1980]
    Soft
    Soft Art
    Solar
    Solar Plexus
    Soldiers
    Sole
    Solid
    Solidity
    Son
    Song (宋) And Zhou (周)
    Soul
    Sound
    Source
    South
    South Africa
    South China
    South China Sea
    South-East
    Southern
    Southern Boat
    Southern Fist
    Southern Gongfu
    Southern Karate-do Wado-Kai
    Southern Karate Do Wado Ryu
    Southern Karate-Do Wado Ryu
    Southern Shaolin
    South London
    South Paw
    Sovereign Leisure Centre
    Space
    Spain
    Sparring
    Speak
    Spear
    Special
    Spedd
    Speed
    Spindle
    Spine
    Spinning
    Spiral
    Spirit
    Spiritual
    Spirituality
    Spiritual Laziness
    Split
    Sport
    Sport Karate
    Sports
    Spped
    Spread
    Spring And Autumn
    Spring-loaded
    Spy
    Spying
    Square
    Squat Kicks
    Squat-kicks
    Squatting
    Stab
    Stabbing
    Stabce
    Stability
    Stable
    Staff
    Stake
    St Albans Road
    Stam
    Stamina
    Stamp
    Stance
    Stance Syability
    Standing
    Stand Up
    Star
    Start
    State
    Statue
    Steal
    Stealth
    Steel Wire
    Stele
    Step
    Step-Law
    Steppe
    Stick
    Sticks
    Sticky-hand
    Sticky-Hands
    Stiffness
    Stifle
    Still
    Still Mind
    Stillness
    Stirrups
    Stocism
    Stone
    Stoneleigh
    Stop
    Storms
    St Petersburg
    Straight
    Straight Long Sword
    Straits
    Straw
    Stream
    Street
    Strength
    Strengthen
    Strengthening
    Stretch
    Strict
    Strike
    Strikes
    Striking
    Striking Post
    Strong
    Structure
    Structures
    Student
    Study
    Stunned
    Stupidity
    Style
    Style Frame
    Stylised
    Subdue
    Submission
    Success
    Sue-Ling
    Su Feng
    Suffering
    Sui
    Suicide
    Sui Dynasty
    Sui Po
    Summer
    Sumo
    Sun
    Sunday
    Sunzi
    Suparinpei
    Suparinpei Kata
    Superficial
    Supplement
    Support
    Suppress
    Suprise
    Surangama Sutra
    Surface
    Surgery
    Suri-Ashi
    Sur-Ling
    Surname
    Surnames
    Surrey
    Survival
    Suspend
    Sutra
    Sutton
    Sutton District \School
    Su Yinghan
    Suzuki
    Swamps
    Sway
    Swaying
    Sweat
    Sweating Ox
    Sweep
    Swing
    Switch
    Swival
    Sword
    Sympathy
    Symposium
    Sype
    System
    Tagou
    Tai
    Tai Chi Magazine
    Taiji
    Taijiquan
    Taiji Tu
    Taipei
    Tai Po
    Taipong
    Tai Sabaki
    Taiwan
    Taiyi
    Taizu
    Taji Sword
    Take-Away
    Talent
    Tamar
    Tameshigiri (試し切り)
    Tan
    Tang
    Tang Dou
    Tang Dynasty
    Tang Hand
    ‘Tang Hand’ (唐手 - Tang Shou).
    Tang Lixian
    Tang Quan’ (唐拳)
    Tang Rong
    Tang Shou
    Tang Ying
    Tao (陶)
    Tap
    Target
    Tartan
    Tatami
    TCM
    Te
    Tea
    Teacher
    Teachers
    Teaching
    Tea Shop
    Technique
    Telegram
    Telegraph
    Temple
    Temples
    Tendon
    Tendons
    Tense
    Tenshin Ryu
    Tenshin Ryu (天心流) War Of Art (兵法)
    Tensho
    Tensho' (转掌 - Zhan Zhuan)
    Tension
    Terms
    Terrain
    Test
    Testicles
    Testing
    Texts
    Thai Boxing
    Thai King
    Thailand
    The Fight
    The Fujian 'Tang Shou' Karate-Do Association
    Theory
    Theravada
    Thigh
    Thinking
    Third Ear
    Third-Eye
    Third Order
    Thought
    Thousand
    Thrash
    Threads
    Three
    Three Battles
    Thresh
    Through
    Through Back
    Throw
    Throwing
    Thrust
    Thug
    Tian
    Tian (田)
    Tibet
    Tidy
    Tied
    Tiger
    Tiger Fist
    Tiger Fork
    Tiger Mouth
    Tiger-Mouth
    TikTok
    Time
    Timing
    Tip
    Tissue
    Title
    Titles
    Tiverton
    Tokizawa Yahei
    Tokuda Yasuharu (徳田安文)
    Tokugawa Shogunate
    Tokyo
    Tomari-te
    Tomb
    Tom Beardsley
    Tomb Stones
    Tommy Hearns
    Tom Newham
    Tong
    Tongbai
    Tong Bei
    Tongbei
    Tongliang
    Tony Smith
    Tony Smith 5th Dan
    Top
    Topple
    Tori-Te
    Toro Gushi Uke
    Torque
    Torrent
    Torso
    Torture
    Toshio Tsukamoto
    Totem
    Touch
    Tough
    Toughen
    Trade
    Tradition
    Traditional
    Traditional Karate
    Train
    Training
    Training Hall
    Training Hall China
    Train Station
    Tranquil
    Tranquillity
    Transcend
    Transform
    Transformation
    Transition
    Translate
    Translation
    Transliteration
    Transmission
    Transmit
    Transmitting
    ‘Transmitting Brilliance Training Hall’ (講明館 - Ko Mei Kan).
    Transport
    Trap
    Travel
    Treasure
    Tree
    Trees
    Tremble
    ‘tremble’ (抖 - Dou)
    Tribes
    Tribute
    Trident
    Trigram
    Trip
    Triple Gem
    Tripping
    Truncheon
    Truth
    Tsim Sha Tsui
    Tsuki
    Tsuru
    Tumble
    Turkic
    Turn
    Turning
    Turning-about
    Turning Palm
    TV
    Twenty-Eight Perches’ (鸣鹤拳二十八宿 - Ming He Quan Er Shi Ba Su
    Twin
    Twist
    Two
    Two-finger Ch'an
    Tyranny
    Ueshiba Kisshōmaru
    Ueshiba Morihei
    UFC
    UK
    Uke
    Umbrella
    UN
    Unarmed
    Unarmed Combat
    Unconscious
    Unconsciousness
    Under-cut
    Understan
    Understand
    Understanding
    Undo
    Unequal Treaties
    Unified
    Unity
    Universal Kata Number 1 & 2
    Universe
    Upanishads
    Upper
    Upper Block
    Upper Body
    Upper-cut
    Uprisings
    Urban
    Urn
    Urumqi
    US
    USA
    US Cold War
    US Imperialism
    US Racism
    Vacuum
    Valleys
    Valued
    VCD
    Vegetanles
    Vegetarian
    ‘Venerable Xiao’
    Vertical
    Vessel
    Vessels
    Vibrant
    Vibrating
    Vicious
    Victoria Harbour
    Vid
    Video
    Vietnam
    Vigour
    Village
    Villages
    Vimalakirti
    Vinaya
    Vintage
    Violence
    Virgin Gym - Abbey Mills
    Virtue
    Vision
    Visit
    Vital Force
    Void
    Vol. 32
    Wado Kai
    Wado-Kai
    Wado Ryu
    Wado Ryu (和道流)
    Waidan
    Waigong
    Wai Kru
    Waist
    ‘waist’ Root (腰根 - Yao Gen)
    Wakizashi
    Wales
    Walking
    Wall
    Wanderers
    Wang Biandou
    Wang Changhai (王长海)
    Wang Maozhai
    Wang Meng
    ‘Wang Qingmin’ (王庆民)
    Wang Shi’an’ (王士庵)
    Wang Xiangui
    Wang Zhiying (王子英).
    Wang (王)
    War
    War Crimes
    Warfare
    Warm
    War Man Way
    Warm-up
    Warp
    Warring States
    Warrior
    Warrior-monks
    Warriors
    Wars
    Water
    Water Margin
    Wave
    Way
    Wayfarer Publication
    Way Of Harmony
    Way Of Peace
    Way Of The Warrior
    Weakness
    Weapon
    Weaponised
    Weaponry
    Weapons
    Weather
    Weave
    Weaving
    Website
    Weft
    Weight
    Weighted
    Weighted Ruck Sack
    Weightlifting
    Weight Training
    Wei Ke Da)
    Wei (魏)
    Weng Xinhui
    Weng (翁)
    West
    West Africa
    Western
    Westerners
    Western Han
    Western Technology
    West Lake Public Park
    Wheels
    White
    White Crane
    White Crane Fist
    White Horse Lake
    White Silk Seal
    Whole
    Whooping
    Whooping Crane Fist
    ‘Whooping Crane Fist’ (鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan)
    Wide Stance
    Width
    Wijiaoteng Village
    Wikipedia
    Wild
    Wild Cat
    Will
    Will-power
    Wind
    Wine
    Wing Chun
    Wings
    Wisdom
    Wise
    Withstand
    Wivers
    Wobble
    WOII
    Wolves
    Woman
    Women
    Wonder
    Wong Tai Sin
    Wood
    World
    Wounds
    Wrapping Silk
    Wrestling
    Wrist
    Writing Brush'
    Wsom
    Wu
    Wudang
    Wudang Internal Family Fist Law’ (武当内家拳法)
    Wudang Mountain Geological Museum (武当山地质博物馆)
    Wudang Mountain Special Zone Planning Hall (武当山特区规划馆)
    Wudang (武当)
    Wu Qin Yi
    Wu Shi Dao
    Wu Shu
    Wushu
    WuShu]Gongfu
    Wu Weiyang (武维扬)
    Wu Xiangui
    Wu Xiangui [伍賢貴] (1886 1940)
    Wu Xiangui [伍賢貴] (1886-1940)
    Wu Xiangui (呉賢貴)
    Wu (伍)
    Wu (吴)
    Wu (吴)
    Wu (武)
    Wu (邬)
    WWII
    Wyles
    Xia Dynasty
    Xiamen
    Xiang'an District
    Xiangding
    Xiang (向)
    Xiao Dingpei (肖定沛)
    Xiao Shuide (萧铄德)
    Xiao Yujun (小鱼君)
    Xiaozi
    Xie Chongxiang
    Xie Chongxiang (謝崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang (谢崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang’ (谢崇祥)
    Xie Chongxiang’ [谢崇祥]
    Xie Congxiang
    Xie Ru Ru
    Xie Ruru
    Xie Ru Ru’ (谢如如)
    Xie Ruru (谢如如)
    Xie Zongxiang
    Xie Zongxiang’ (谢宗祥)
    ‘Xie Zunshi’ (谢尊志)
    Xingyi
    Xingyiquan
    Xinhua
    Xining
    Xinjiang
    Xi Yang Zhang
    Xu Lanyu (徐兰雨)
    Xu Xiaodong (徐晓冬)
    Xu (许)
    Yagi Akitoku
    Yagi Akitoku (1952)
    Yagi Akitoku [八木明德] (1912 2003)
    Yagi Akitoku [八木明德] (1912-2003)
    Yamaguchi Gichin
    ‘Yamaguchi Gogen’
    Yamaguchi Gogen
    ‘Yamaguchi Minoru’ {山口實実)
    Yamamoto Atsuyuki
    Yamamoto Kagura
    Yamashiro Katsuya
    Yamashiro Yoshitomo
    Yang
    Yang Style
    'Yan Mengyong' (严孟永)
    Yanqing
    Yanzhou
    Yan (颜)
    Yasuke
    Yau
    ‘Ye Jianan’ (叶建安)
    Yellow Emperor
    Yi
    Yield
    Yijing
    Yijing Jing
    Yin
    Yin Bagua Zhang
    Yin Fu
    Ying (英)
    Yin-tang
    Yin-yang
    Yin (尹)
    Yisang
    ‘Yi’ (意
    Yongchun
    Yongquan
    Yongzheng Emperor
    Yoshihara
    Yoshitaka Inokuma (猪熊佳孝)
    YouKu
    Young
    Youth
    Youth Centre 21
    Youthful Folly
    Yuan Dynasty
    Yu Baoyan (余宝炎)
    Yu Danqiu (余丹秋)
    Yuika Tokashiki (渡嘉敷唯贤​)
    Yu (俞)
    Zagong
    Zen
    Zen At War
    Zeng Si
    Zhaihui
    Zhang Huqin (张虎勤)
    Zhang Sanfeng
    Zhang (张) And Li (李)
    Zhao Ming Wang
    Zheng Li’ (郑礼)
    Zheng (郑)
    Zhenru Temple
    'Zhiyuan' (智远)
    Zhou Dynasty
    Zhou (周)
    Zhuang-Dong (壮侗)
    Zhuanzhuang
    Zhuhai
    Zhu Yuanzhang’ (朱元璋)
    Zodiac
    Zong (宗)
    Zoom
    ‘Zou Zongtang’ (左宗棠)
    Zuki
    Клуб Годзю-рю каратэ Тори
    Сенсеем Богданом Курилко
    تای چی راه بی پایان
    مازیار کتابت
    おおたち
    ‘か’ (Kaku
    かい
    かきえ
    カキエ
    カキエ
    カキエー
    かきえ = Kakie
    カキテ = Kakite
    カキティ
    カキディ
    カケテ
    かけで
    かけて = Kakete
    き(ki)
    コウキ
    ‘ず’ (Zu)
    そほうか
    'チ' (Chi)
    ‘つる’ (Tsuru)
    はら
    ふたつえ
    ぶん
    ムチミ
    ルールーコウ
    ​一 (yi1)
    一拳必殺
    一百零八手 (Yi Bai Ling Ba Shou) = Suparinpei
    三十六手
    三十六手 (San Shi Liu Shou) = Sanseru
    三战
    (三战 San Zhan)
    (三战 - San Zhan)
    三战等 (San Zhan) = Sanchin
    三戦
    三议妙 - San Yi Miao
    下丹田 - Xia Dan Tian
    下段払い
    下段払い
    丘
    东恩纳宽用
    东恩纳盛男先生
    中国传统长兵 虎叉
    丹田
    (丹田 - Dan Tian)
    ​丿(yi4)
    久留顿破
    久留顿破 (Jiu Liu Dun Po) = Kururunfa
    久米
    乱捕り
    予備運動 - Yo Bi Un Do
    二十八宿
    五祖
    五行
    仲井真元楷)
    传统武术
    体捌き
    修交会
    儿 - 儿 - コ
    內 - Nei
    內經
    八极拳
    八段锦
    八门五步 - Ba Men Wu Bu)
    '八闽' (Ba Min)
    公
    六机手
    六机手
    六机手 (Liu Ju Shou) = Rokuki
    '关元' (Guan Yuan)
    兵法
    内 - Nei
    (内功 - Neigong)
    内外合一 - Nei Wai He Ye
    决定
    凌空勁
    凌空掌
    凌空能量手
    凡 (fan2)
    击碎
    击碎
    击碎第一
    击碎第一
    击碎第三
    击碎第二
    击碎第二
    刀
    分解
    刘氏
    刚柔流
    刚柔流空手道
    制引战 (Zhi Yin Zhan) = Seiyunchin
    制引戦
    剑 - Jian
    剛
    剛柔体操 - Go Ju Tai Misao)
    剛柔流空手道
    劉衛流
    劉龍公
    '劍‘ (jian4)
    力手元!
    功夫散手
    ‘勿’ (wu4)
    北蛇拳
    十三手
    十三手 (Shi San Shou) = Seisan
    十八手
    十八手
    十八手 (Shi Ba Shou) = Seipai
    南少林拳法
    南拳
    南拳
    (南拳 - Nan Quan)
    南拳 - Nan Quan
    南船北马
    卦
    印掌 (Yin Zhang)
    又 (you4)
    又吉真豊直伝白鶴兵法三段の形
    双截棍)
    双蝶掌
    双风贯耳
    取手
    受
    受 (shou4)
    古田教案
    '合' (He2)!
    合氣道
    吉原 - Ji Yuan
    吕紫剑]
    吳賢貴
    吴贤贵
    吴贤贵
    呉賢貴
    (和道流)
    咏春拳
    唐
    唐手
    唐手
    唐手 - Tang Shou
    唐朵
    唐榮)
    唐營
    唐禮賢
    唐营
    囍
    四向战
    四向战 (Si Xiang Zhan) = Shisochin
    回転
    (地术拳 - Di Shu Quan)
    ‘型’ (xing2)
    壹百零八手
    外 - Wai
    外 - Wai
    大埔
    大太刀
    大暍酒
    大熊猫
    天回医学竹简
    太庙 - Tai Miao
    太极拳
    太极拳
    太極拳經
    太祖
    '套' (Tao)
    如如哥
    孔
    客家武术
    宫城安一
    宫城長祥
    宮城敬
    宮城敬
    [宮城敬]
    宮城 長順
    寛量
    導引
    少林拳 - Shaolin Quan
    少林罗汉拳 - Shao Lin Luo Han Quan
    巛 (chuan1)
    巠 (jing1)
    工 (gong1)
    师公
    幕阜山 - Mu Fu Shan
    ‘干’ (gan1)
    (庚子
    張三丰
    彌助
    '形' (Xing)
    形 - Xing
    形 - Xing
    ‘形’ (xing2)
    形意
    形象 - Xian Xiang
    忍者
    慎善熙
    慎善熙
    慎善熙 (Shen Shanxi)
    戚繼光
    截拳道
    '手' (shou3)
    手为先锋 (Shou Wei Xianfeng)
    拳
    '拳' (quan2)
    拳击爱好
    拳打六路 (Quan Da Liulu)
    拳经捷要篇
    掛 (gua4) 手 (shou3)
    掛け合い
    掛け手 (Ka Ke Te)
    掛手
    掛手
    (推手 - Tui Shou)
    握瓮 – Nigiri-Game
    搂子
    '摩' (mo2)
    撃砕
    擒拿
    攻防一体虎口廻受
    ‘教士’ (Jiao Shi)
    斋会
    新垣隆功
    方孔 - Fang Kong
    ‘日‘ (ri4)
    明手暗腿
    易筋經
    易經
    晰阳掌
    書經
    曾四
    東恩納 寛量'
    東恩納寬量
    林
    林伟功)
    林达崇
    林达崇
    架 - Jia
    柔
    柔 - Rou)
    柔術
    查拳
    梦斌
    植芝 吉祥丸
    植芝 盛平
    步法
    步法-Suri-Ashi
    武
    武动健康,养生惠民
    武备志’
    (武备志 - Wu Bei Zhi)
    武道
    段
    气 - Qi
    气功
    氣
    氣
    氣功
    永光
    永春
    決め
    沖縄
    泥丸宫 - Ni Wan Gong
    洪家拳
    洪拳
    浑元
    涌泉
    清定
    清定
    湖城
    潘嶼八
    炀
    爪 (zhao3)
    (狗拳 - Gou Quan)
    '狮'
    王扁豆
    王茂斋
    琉求’ (Liuqiu)
    琉球
    琉球 - Liu Qiu
    甕
    白鶴
    白鶴拳
    白鹤
    白鹤拳
    白鹤拳
    白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan
    白鹤拳 - Bai He Quan)
    百步神拳 (Bai Bu Shan Quan)
    盘屿
    (盘屿八)
    着
    知花朝信
    '石' (shi2).
    破門
    硬气功 - Ying Qi Gong
    硬氣功
    碎破
    碎破 (Sui Po) = Saifa
    祓
    神
    神
    '神' (Shen)
    神象 - Shen Xiang)
    禊
    福建白鶴拳
    秦
    空手
    空手 - Kong Shou
    突 (tu)
    '站桩' (Zhan Zhuang)
    竞楠
    '粵' Yue
    精
    精
    素封
    組手
    缠丝劲
    罗汉拳
    罗汉拳
    罗汉拳 - Luo Han Quan
    羅漢十八摩
    羅漢拳
    羅漢拳
    義和拳
    翁信辉)
    脚为帅 (Jiao Wei Shuai)
    脚踢八方 (Jiao Tī Bafang)
    茂木村
    萧和尚 - Xiao He Shang
    蒋雪珍
    虎叉
    虎口受け
    虚云大师
    ‘蜴’ (yi4)
    螳螂拳
    衛克達
    補助
    西湖公园
    西貢
    詠春
    講明館
    謝如如
    謝宗祥
    謝崇祥
    谢如如
    谢如如
    谢崇祥
    谢崇祥
    贤亮
    (足 - Ashi)
    跌打酒
    転掌
    轉掌
    转掌
    追 い 突 き
    逆 (ni4)
    逆突き
    ) 透劲 (Tou Jin)
    通背
    通背
    運動
    道
    那覇手
    那霸手
    '邱
    释行正
    野太刀
    ‘金剛圈’ (Jin Gang Quan)
    ‘金城 敬章’ - ‘Kinjo Hiroaki’
    釵
    釵
    錬士
    ‘錬士’ (Ren Shi)
    鎚石
    铁斗酒
    铁牛
    長拳
    闽
    '闽' (Min)
    陳
    陳
    陳天生
    陳家
    隋書 - Sui Shu
    隔山打牛 (Ge Shan Da Niu)
    隔空打人 (Ge Kong Jin Ren)
    雜功
    面子
    '順' (shun4)
    風け合い
    風水
    馬步
    高手’ (Gao Shou)
    鳴鶴拳
    '鶴' (he4)
    鶴 (he4)
    鶴の手
    鶴の手
    鸣鹤拳
    鸣鹤拳 - Ming He Quan
    鹤仙 - He Xian
    鹤巢寺
    鹤拳- He Quan)
    黃初平
    點穴
    點脈

    RSS Feed

© - This material is copyrighted and remains the sole intellectual property of the author.  It can not be used or copied for any commercial purposes. 
Permission to copy for educational or religious purposes may be acquired by writing to
[email protected]